The Progressive Era Of American History - 1346 Words

The progressive era is one of the most researched times in American history due to the multiple social and economic movements that took place. When historians argue about progressivism, they are not just debating about events of a century ago, they are struggling to interpret the basic meaning of American democracy. The progressive era is a widely debated topic among many historians. It is known as a time period that consisted of economic, political, social, and moral reforms. In summary the progressive era consisted of businessmen seeking to prevent increased government regulation by supporting weak federal laws, women wanting equal rights such as the right to vote, religious gatherings trying to prohibit alcohol consumption, and high society optimists attempting to help the poorer classes. The reformists were a free union covering all levels of government that upheld political, monetary, and social changes. In the book Interpretations of American History, authors Kathryn Kish Sklar and Daniel T. Rodgers discuss their interpretation of the progressive movement. Ms. Sklar’s article is named â€Å"The Historical Foundations of Women’s Power in the Creation of the American Welfare State 1880-1920.† Mr. Rodgers article is called â€Å"from Atlantic Crossings: Social Politics in a Progressive Age [1998].† Sklar and Rodgers discuss their different views of the progressive era and what they believe were the causes, consequences, and meanings of events during the 1880s throughout the 1920s.Show MoreRelatedThe Progressive Era Of American History942 Words   |  4 PagesThe period that carved a spot in American history was referred to as the â€Å"Progressive Era† (1900-1920). It came about when both old and new concerns and problems about the lives of many Americans emerged. The Progressive Era reformers as well as the federal government were successful in altering certain problems in society but was limited by specific factors outs ide their circle. Trust-busting, consumer protection, and women suffrages are the major reforms that the reformers and federal governmentRead MoreThe Progressive Era And Its Impact On American History1279 Words   |  6 PagesThe Progressive Era was a period of broad and varied movement which changed American values and life styles by having everlasting impact on American History. Most of the people during the progressive eras, lives changed through. During the Progressive Era Women wanted the right to vote and work outside their homes. Workers wanted better wages, hours, and safe condition while they are working. Coming with people who had race, which means all people wo were not white, they wanted a freedom, place toRead MoreThe Progressive Era of American History Illustrated in the Novel, Ragtime 1063 Words   |  5 PagesThe turn of the century in America introduced new inventions, new lifestyles, and new cultures. This time was called the â€Å"progressive era†. The c ities were bustling and new amazements came every day. The storyline and the characters in the novel, Ragtime, represent the changes of this time period. From Emma Goldman, to mother, to Evelyn Nesbit, all people and their lives evolved in this period. Emma Goldman, an anarchist, fought for freedom in all aspects of life. Mother became the head of the familyRead MoreWomen During The Progressive Era987 Words   |  4 PagesWoman in the progressive era What is a woman’s role? Is it to be a housewife and take care of her husband and children? Or is it much more then that. Between the years 1897- 1917 the progressive era came of age. This era not only created rapid economic growth but also created a voice for woman. As woman began to have a voice they were ready to use it and make a change that would affect American history forever. The progressive era was an era of change. The great depression had just ended andRead MoreFranklin D. Roosevelt s President Of The United States1546 Words   |  7 PagesRoosevelt’s New Deal encompassed many ideas that were expressed during the Progressive Era in the late nineteenth through the early twentieth centuries. Specifically, Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal policies in labor, economics, and protection of the people encompassed the fundamental ideas that were expressed in America during the Progressive Era. The National Recovery Administration reintroduced the ideas of the progressive era labor reforms. The National Recovery Administration sought to help peopleRead MoreLessons Learnt From the Great Depression and Progressive Era1386 Words   |  6 PagesLessons from the Great Depression Progressive Era Lessons from the Great Depression Progressive Era The Progressive Era in American history began slightly before the turn of the 20th century and continued into the second decade of the 20th century, ending around the beginning of World War I. The Great Depression of 20th century American occurred in 1929 and the more intense short-term effects lasted up and through World War II. The paper will scrutinize specific events of this period providingRead MoreReform in the United States813 Words   |  4 PagesThe Progressive and New Deal Eras are two of the most important and defining periods in American history. Through initiatives and reform passed during these times, America was changed politically, socially and economically. These changes affected all Americans in some way or another, but had significant impact on specific groups of American citizens. Whatever their impact, these eras jumpstarted and continued reform initiatives for our country that provided a model for tackling current issues inRead MoreThe Progressive Era1003 Word s   |  5 PagesThe Progressive Era Progressivism in the United States took place in the period between the Spanish-American War and the entry of the United States into the great World War. It was a time for change in America in all walks of life, as well as a time for reform. It was marked by Theodore Roosevelts 7 and a half years in office, the Rough Rider put it upon himself to make the first strides towards reform. These reforms included the cracking down on illegal monopolies and so forth. During thisRead MoreWomen, African Americans And Literature1747 Words   |  7 PagesWomen, African-Americans Literature in the Progressive Era One of the greatest turning points in American history was the Progressive era due to the advancements and social responses led by women and people of color. Many depictions of this era through secondary sources can be used to see the conflicts faced by the individuals of the time period and the political movement that ensued right after. Many favorable outcomes resulted from this time period including the start of reformation from womenRead More The Progressive Era Essay984 Words   |  4 Pages The Progressive Era nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Progressivism in the United States took place in the period between the Spanish-American War and the entry of the United States into the great World War. It was a time for change in America in all walks of life, as well as a time for reform. It was marked by Theodore Roosevelts 7 and a half years in office, the Rough Rider put it upon himself to make the first strides towards reform. These reforms included the cracking down on illegal monopolies

Multiple Sclerosis An Autoimmune Disease Of The Central...

Multiple Sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the Central Nervous System, which interferes with the communication between the Central Nervous System (brain and spinal cord) and other parts of the body. The immune system attacks the myelin on the nerve fibers; resulting in damaged myelin that forms sclerosis. Overtime, many nerve fibers and myelin sheath will be damaged or even destroyed, resulting in the nerve impulse being interrupted. MS can be mild, moderate, or severe, therefore, it may cause disability as well as death. Interestingly enough, more women are affected than men. Common signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis include: fatigue, difficulties with walking (gait), spasticity, numbness/tingling, weakness, vision problems, pain, vertigo, depression, emotional changes, cognitive changes, bladder/bowel problems, and sexual problems. Less common signs and symptoms include: speech/swallowing problems, seizures, tremor, breathing problems, headache, pr uritus, and hearing loss. There a four different types of Multiple Sclerosis: Relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), Secondary Progressive MS (SPMS), Primary-progressive MS (PPMS), and Progressive-relapsing MS (PRMS). Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis is the most common type of MS; about 85% of people are diagnosed with this type of Multiple Sclerosis. Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis is characterized by worsening neurologic function attacks throughout the disease. The attacks are also knownShow MoreRelatedMultiple Sclerosis ( Ms ), Autoimmune, Inflammatory Disease Involving The Central Nervous System ( Cns ) Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesProfessor Mirzatoni March 8, 2016 Multiple Sclerosis Multiple sclerosis (MS) is autoimmune, inflammatory disease involving the central nervous system (CNS). This disease is a result of the immune system attacking myelin proteins. Usually affecting younger people between the ages of 20 and 50 years, multiple sclerosis slowly destroys the myelin sheath that are located in the CNS causing them to eventually create scleroses, or hardened lesions. Symptoms of multiple sclerosis can be different, but visualRead MoreMultiple Sclerosis And Its Effects On The Central Nervous System Essay1389 Words   |  6 Pageshe life of someone living with Multiple Sclerosis is often quite different than normal. It consists of never-ending doctors appointments, not feeling well, difficulty doing everyday tasks, and much more. Multiple Sclerosis is the bee sting that one gets while laying out by the pool, the scrape a child gets on his knee, and the throbbing headache the mother has after a long day at work and the horrible cry of her child. The disease is heavy weighing on ones mind, body, and heart; yet, if one possessesRead MoreEssay on Ms Speech Outline981 Words   |  4 PagesName: Mason Arbogast Title: Multiple Sclerosis I. Introduction: A. Attention: According to Michael J. Olek, the writer of â€Å"Multiple Sclerosis -Etiology, Diagnosis, †¨and New Treatment Strategies† multiple sclerosis (MS) afflicts approximately 250,000 to 350,000 individuals in the United States and is the most common autoimmune disease involving the nervous system. B. Credibility: Approximately 6 years ago my mother was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, which has progressively gottenRead More Patalogy of the Central Nevrvous System: Multiple Sclerosis1213 Words   |  5 PagesMultiple Sclerosis: Pathology of the Central Nervous System Multiple Sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that commonly found in individuals between the ages of 20 and 40. While men with MS tend to have a faster progressing disease, women are more likely than men to develop it. MS comes in many forms due to the extent of the damage and the amount of lesions, along with how quickly it progresses. All of this collectively forms the MS community today and has resulted in new test methods and forms ofRead MoreSimilarities and Differences amongst Multiple Sclerosis and Muscular Dystrophy640 Words   |  3 PagesThere are differences and similarities between multiple sclerosis and muscular dystrophy. Multiple sclerosis is understood to be an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. However, muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder that affects the peripheral nervous system. Multiple sclerosis is seen as progressing asymmetrically from the loss of myelin. Likewise, muscular dystrophy presents with a symmetrical wasting of the musc le and distribution of weakness. Muscular dystrophy is aRead MoreMultiple Sclerosis : A Nervous System Disease That Affects The Brain And Spinal Cord869 Words   |  4 PagesAbout Multiple Sclerosis Multiple sclerosis is considered a nervous system disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. The disease remains a mystery to this day since there are no known specific causes. It can be seen that multiple sclerosis is more prevalent in women than in men between the ages of 20-40 (Bethesda 2015). While the disease is typically mild in most cases, some severe cases may result in the loss in the ability to speak, walk, and write. Common symptoms of the disease includeRead MoreEvaluation Of A Case Study1353 Words   |  6 Pagesthis is a factor to why the client is experiences this neurological deficits. Client doctor prescribed her Prednisone which has a positive affect helping to confirm the client diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis. Researchers have concluded that Multiple Sclerosis occurs whereby the patient’s own immune system attacks the protein that is found in the myelin sheath and this result in the demyelination of the myelin sheath. So when there is lost of myeli n in one’s body, blocking of the action potentialRead MoreEssay Multiple Sclerosis1206 Words   |  5 PagesMultiple Sclerosis The primary objective of this paper is to raise fundamental questions in regards to multiple sclerosis, and to explore possibilities that attempt to answer these inquiries. Second, the prospective outcome is to provide a solid knowledge base for which my peers may begin to understand the relationship between multiple sclerosis and neurobiology and behavior. The first question to address in the general schema of this essay is: What is Multiple Sclerosis? Multiple SclerosisRead MoreExperimental Autoimmune Disease Of The Central Nervous System1549 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Multiple Sclerosis (M.S) is a chronic autoimmune, inflammatory disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS) that leads to a variety of disabilities, including: asthenia, lack of coordination, abnormal vision, cognitive changes, and sexual and urinary dysfunction(1). M.S pathogenesis involves a complex process of the activity of macrophages and micro-glial cells that leads to differentiation of specific neural Th1 lymphocytes (Myelin auto reactive T-Cells) and secretion of pro-inflammatoryRead MoreEvaluation Of A Case Study1571 Words   |  7 Pagesthis is a factor to why the client is experiences this neurological deficits. Client doctor prescribed her Prednisone which has a positive affect helping to confirm the client diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis. Researchers have concluded that Multiple Sclerosis occurs whereby the patient’s own immune system attacks the protein that is found in the myelin sheath and this result in the demyelination of the myelin sheath. So when there is lost of myelin in one’s body, blocking of the action potential

Reed Supermarkets a New Wave of Competitors free essay sample

Attractive  stores,  long  hours,  and  elegant  service? case  displays. Internal  Weaknesses 1. Many  consumers  perceive  Reed’s  prices  are  high;   2. Capital  expenditure  policy  freezing; 3. No  consensus  within  management  on  what  strategy  to  implement   for  market  share  growth. External  Opportunities 1. The  new  consumer  is  more  savvy,  health  and  cost? conscious;   2. Growth  of  private  label  merchandise; 3. Columbus’s  economic  environment  is  more  favorable  than  state’s   and  nation’s  economic  environments; External  Threats 1. Dollar  and  Limited  Selection  Stores  increasing  market  share  /  Aldi’s   projected  new  stores; 2. Economic  downturn; . Significant  dwindling  of  customer  loyalty. Reed’s  management  is  currently  assessing  the   following  alternatives  to  increase  its  market  share  in  the  Columbus  market:   ? Continue  its  ongoing  Ã¢â‚¬Å"dollar  special†Ã‚  campaign;   ? Terminate  the  Ã¢â‚¬Å"dollar  special†Ã‚  campaign  and  implement  an  everyday  low  pricing  model;   ? Convey  the  value  created  to  consumers  by  reinforcing  the  range  and  quality  of  offerings;   ? Increase  low? priced  specials,  expand  private  label  brands,  and  introduce  double  couponing. In  addition,  I  would  also  consider  the  following  alternative:   ? Make  an  offer  to  buy  some  of  Galaxy’s  troubling  Columbus  stores. In  evaluating  the  aforementioned  alternatives,  Reed’s  management  will  have  to  take  into  account  that,  in  order  to  meet  the  targeted  market  share   of  16%  in  2011,  they  will  have  to  increase  their  sales  volume  by  $94  million,  which  represents  a  14%  increase  compared  to  2010  (see  appendix). The   present   â€Å"dollar   special†Ã‚   campaign   was   an   attempt   from   Reed’s   to   change   consumer’s   perception   that   they   have   higher   prices. Some   Reed’s   managers   are   confident   that   in   another   six   months   they   will   be   able   to   change   this   perception   while,   at   the   same   time,   they   reinforce   customer   loyalty. However,  some  executives  believe  also  that  the  campaign  detracted  from  Reed’s  quality  image  as  it  seemed  to  be  too  close  to  the  offering   of   dollar   stores   which   could   damage   Reed’s   image   through   association. The   scope   of   this   campaign   (250   out   of   50,000   items)   does   not   seem   sufficient  to  generate  the  additional  sales  required. Other   executives   suggest   implementing   an   everyday   low   pricing   model   in   order   to   tackle,   in   a   more   aggressive   fashion,   the   high? priced   image   that   Reed   carries. This   would   likely   require   a   complete   switch   of   the   company’s   positioning   from   a   high? nd   store   to   a   medium,   more   value? focused   positioning. Reed’s   image,   as   a   quality   and   customer   service   oriented,   could   be   extremely   damaged   by   such   a   switch. Additionally,   it   would   be   expected  that  other  discount  stores  would  be  reacting  aggressively  to  this  strategy. Another   option   is   to   reinforce   Reed’s   current   positioning   as   a   high? end   store   by   emphasizing   the   range   and   quality   of   its   offerings. Such   strategy   appeals   to   the   more   affluent   households, which   are   more   keen   on   premium   private   labels   and   organic   produce. This   customer   segment   has   been   the  backbone  of  Reed’s  growth  in  the  past  20  years,  and  the  company  wants  to  be  ready  to  satisfy  its  upscale  tastes  as  the  economy  recovers. Operations   Director   Jane   Wu   offered   yet   another   alternative:   increase   low? priced   specials,   expand   private   label   brands,   and   introduce   double   couponing. The   new   consumer   that   emerged   from   the   2007? 2009   recession   is   more   savvy   and   cost? conscious,   which   is   demonstrated   by   the   increasing  share  of  wallet  captured  by  dollar  and  limited  selection  stores. By  acknowledging  this  new  reality  and  resorting  to  the  strategy  suggested   by   Director   Wu,   the   company   can   potentially   attract   new   customers   and   appeal   to   both   fill? in   â€Å"trippers†Ã‚   and   full   grocery   â€Å"runners†. This   seems   to   be   a   sound   strategy   in   order   for   the   company   to   capture,   in   the   short? term,   the   $94   million   additional   sales   required   to   meet   the   target   market   share. It   is   unclear,   however,   if   this   strategy   could   hurt   the   quality   image   recognized   to   Reed’s   supermarkets   and   as   a   result   drive   high? nd   customers  away. On  the  other  hand,  during  difficult  economic  times,  such  as  the  downturn  of  2008? 2011,   consumers  tend  to  opt  for  value. Finally,   we   should   not   discard   the   introduction   of   new   stores   as   a   strong   alternative   for   increasing   sales. The   company   has   consistently   expanded   the  chain  in  the  past,  with  the  new  stores  accomplishing  similar  results  to  existing  ones. Reed’s  management  has  made  it  clear  that  it  does  not  wish   to   have   capital   expenditures   in   form   of   new   stores   in   2011.

Who Is Ernest Hemingway Essay Example For Students

Who Is Ernest Hemingway Essay Ernest Hemmingway When you hear the name Ernest Hemingway, what do you think about? I think about a great American writer of the 20th century. Ernest Miller Hemingway was a great writer of his time (1899- 1961) in which he published many great novels. Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois. His father was the owner of a prosperous real estate business. His father, Dr. Hemingway, imparted to Ernest the importance of appearances, especially in public. Dr. Hemingway invented surgical forceps for which he would not accept money. He believed that one should not profit from something important for the good of mankind. We will write a custom essay on Who Is Ernest Hemingway specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Ernests father, a man of high ideals, was very strict and censored the books he allowed his children to read. He forbad Ernests sister from studying ballet for it was coeducational, and dancing together led to hell and damnation. Grace Hall Hemingway, Ernests mother, considered herself pure and proper. She was a dreamer who was upset at anything which disturbed her perception of the world as beautiful. She hated dirty diapers, upset stomachs, and cleaning house; they were not fit for a lady. She taught her children to always act with decorum. She adored the singing of the birds and the smell of flowers. Her children were expected to behave properly and to please her, always. Mrs. Hemingway treated Ernest, when he was a small boy, as if he were a female baby doll and she dressed him accordingly. This arrangement was al right until Ernest got to the age when he wanted to be a regular little boy. He began, at that time, to pull away from his mother, and never forgave her for his humiliation. The town of Oak Park, where Ernest grew up, was very old fashioned and quite religious. The townspeople forbad the word virgin from appearing in school books, and the word breast was questioned, though it appeared in the Bible. Ernest loved to fish, canoe and explore the woods. When he couldnt get outside, he escaped to his room and read books. He loved to tell stories to his classmates, often insisting that a friend listen to one of his stories. In spite of his mothers desire, he played on the football team at Oak Park High School. As a student, Ernest was a perfectionist about his grammar and studied English with a great desire. He contributed articles to the weekly school newspaper and journalisum class. It seems that the principal did not approve of Ernests writings and he complained, often, about the content of Ernests articles. Ernest was clear about his writing; he wanted people to see and feel and he wanted to enjoy himself while writing. Ernest loved having fun if nothing was happening, mischievous Ernest made something happen. He would sometimes use forbidden words just to create a ruckus. Ernest, though wild and crazy, was a warm, caring individual. He loved the sea, mountains and the stars and hated anyone who he saw as a phoney. During World War I, Ernest, rejected from service because of a bad left eye, was an ambulance driver, in Italy, for the Red Cross. Very much like the hero of A Farewell to Arms, Ernest is shot in his knee and recuperates in a hospital, tended by a caring nurse named Agnes. Like Frederick Henry, in the book, he fell in love with the nurse and was given a medal for his heroism. Ernest returned home after the war, rejected by the nurse with whom he fell in love. He would party late into the night and invite, to his house, people his parents disapproved of. Ernests mother rejected him and he felt that he had to move from home. He moved in with a friend living in Chicago and he wrote articles for The Toronto Star. In Chicago he met and then married Hadley Richardson. She believed that he should spend all his time in writing, and bought him a typewriter for his birthday. They decided that the best place for a writer to live was Paris, where he could devote himself to his writing. He said, at the time, that the most difficult thing to write about was being a man. They could not live on income from his stories and so Ernest, again, wrote for The Toronto Star. Ernest took Hadley to Italy to show her where he had been during the war. He was devastated, everything had changed, everything was destroyed. Hadley became pregnant and was sick all the time. She and Ernest decided to move to Canada.He had, by then written three stories and ten poems. Hadley gave birth to a boy who they named John Hadley Nicano Hemingway. Even though he had his family Ernest was unhappy and decided to return to Paris. It was in Paris that Ernest got word that a publisher wanted to print his book, In Our Time, but with some changes. The publisher felt that the sex was to gross, but Ernest refused to change one word. Around 1925, Ernest started writing a novel about a young man in World War I, but had to stop after a few pages, and proceeded to write another novel, instead. This novel was based on his experiences while living in Pamplona, Spain. He planned on calling this book Fiesta, but changed the name to The Sun Also Rises, a saying from the Bible. This book, as in his other books, shows Hemingway obsessed with death. In 1927, Ernest found himself unhappy with his wife and son. They decided to divorce and he married Pauline, a woman he had been involved with while he was married to Hadley. A year later, Ernest was able to complete his war novel which he called A Farewell to Arms. The novel was about the pain of war, of finding love in this time of pain. It portrayed the battles, the retreats, the fears, the gore and the terrible waste of war. .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a , .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a .postImageUrl , .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a , .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a:hover , .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a:visited , .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a:active { border:0!important; } .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a:active , .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6b306e9a7d788084db7a0ddc015acb4a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Heresy Of Galileo Essay This novel was well-received by his publisher, Max Perkins,but Ernest had to substitute dashes for the dirty language. Ernest used his life when he wrote; using everything he did and everything that ever happened to him. He nevertheless remained a private person; wanting his stories to be read but wanting to be left alone. He once said, Dont look at me. Look at my words. A common theme throughout Hemingways stories is that no matter how hard we fight to live, we end up defeated, but we are here and we must go on. At age 31 he wrote Death in the Afternoon, about bullfighting in his beloved Spain. Ernest was a restless man; he traveled all over the United States, Europe, Cuba and Africa. At the age of 37 Ernest met the woman who would be his third wife; Martha Gellhorn, a writer like himself. He went to Spain, he said, to become an antiwar correspondent, and found that war was like a club where everyone was playing the same game, and he was never lonely. Martha went to Spain as a war correspondent and they lived together. He knew that he was hurting Pauline, but like his need to travel and have new experiences, he could not stop himself from getting involved with women. In 1940 he wrote For Whom the Bell Tolls and dedicated it to Martha, whom he married at the end of that year. He found himself traveling between Havana, Cuba and Ketchum, Idaho, which he did for the rest of his life. During World War II, Ernest became a secret agent for the United States. He suggested that he use his boat, the Pillar, to surprise German submarines and attack them with hidden machine guns. It was at this time that Ernest, always a drinker, started drinking most of his days away. He would host wild, fancy parties and did not write at all during the next three years. At wars end, Ernest went to England and met an American foreign correspondent named Mary Welsh. He divorced Martha and married Mary in Havana, in 1946. Ernest was a man of extremes; living either in luxury or happy to do without material things. Ernest, always haunted by memories of his mother, would not go to her funeral when she died in 1951. He admitted that he hated his mothers guts. Ernest wrote The Old Man and the Sea in only two months. He was on top of the world, the book was printed by Life Magazine and thousands of copies were sold in the United States. This novel and A Farewell to Arms were both made into movies. In 1953 he went on a safari with Mary, and he was in heaven hunting big game. Though Ernest had a serious accident, and later became ill, he could never admit that he had any weaknesses; nothing would stop him, certainly not pain. In 1954 he won the Nobel Prize for Literature. Toward the end, Ernest started to travel again, but almost the way that someone does who knows that he will soon die. He suddenly started becoming paranoid and to forget things. He became obsessed with sin; his upbringing was showing, but still was inconsistent in his behavior. He never got over feeling like a bad person, as his father, mother and grandfather had taught him. In the last year of his life, he lived inside of his dreams, similar to his mother, who he hated with all his heart. He was suicidal and had electric shock treatments for his depression and strange behavior. On a Sunday morning, July 2, 1961, Ernest Miller Hemingway killed himself with a shotgun. Ernest Hemingway takes much of the storyline of his novel, A Farewell to Arms, from his personal experiences. The main character of the book, Frederick Henry, often referred to as Tenete, experiences many of the same situations which Hemingway, himself, lived. Some of these similarities are exact while some are less similar, and some events have a completely different outcome. Hemingway, like Henry, enjoyed drinking large amounts of alcohol. Both of them were involved in World War I, in a medical capacity, but neither of them were regular army personnel. Like Hemingway, Henry was shot in his right knee, during a battle. Both men were Americans, but a difference worth noting was that Hemingway was a driver for the American Red Cross, while Henry was a medic for the Italian Army. In real life, Hemingway met his love, Agnes, a nurse, in the hospital after being shot; Henry met his love, Catherine Barkley, also a nurse, before he was shot and hospitalized. In both cases, the relationships with these women were strengthened while the men were hospitalized. Another difference is that Hemingways romance was short-lived, while, the book seemed to indicate that, Henrys romance, though they never married, was strong and would have lasted. In A Farewell to Arms, Catherine and her child died while she was giving birth, this was not the case with Agnes who left Henry for an Italian Army officer. It seems to me that the differences between the two men were only surface differences. They allowed Hemingway to call the novel a work of fiction. Had he written an autobiography the book would probably not have been well-received because Hemingway was not, at that time, a well known author. Although Hemingway denied critics views that A Farewell to Arms was symbolic, had he not made any changes they would not have been as impressed with the war atmosphere and with the naivete of a young man who experiences war for the first time. Hemingway, because he was so private, probably did not want to expose his life to everyone, and so the slight changes would prove that it was not himself and his own experiences which he was writing about. .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8 , .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8 .postImageUrl , .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8 , .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8:hover , .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8:visited , .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8:active { border:0!important; } .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8:active , .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8 .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua40a7efb303bda5142f4ed444f0005a8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Jack Dempsey Essay I believe that Hemingway had Catherine and her child die, not to look different from his own life, but because he had a sick and morbid personality. There is great power in being an author, you can make things happen which do not necessarily occur in real life. It is obvious that Hemingway felt, as a young child and throughout his life, powerless, and so he created lives by writing stories. Hemingway acted out his feelings of inadequacy and powerlessness by hunting, drinking, spending lots of money and having many girlfriends. I think that Hemingway was obsessed with death and not too sane. His obsession shows itself in the morbid death of Miss Barkley and her child. Hemingway was probably very confused about religion and sin and somehow felt or feared that people would or should be punished for enjoying lifes pleasures. Probably, the strongest reason for writing about Catherine Barkleys death and the death of her child was Hemingways belief that death comes to everyone; it was inevitable. Death ends life before you have a chance to learn and live. He writes, in A Farewell to Arms, They threw you in and told you the rules and the first time they caught you off base they killed you. .. . they killed you in the end. You could count on that. Stay around and they would kill you. Hemingway, even in high school, wrote stories which showed that people should expect the unexpected. His stories offended and angered the principal of his school. I think that Hemingway liked shocking and annoying people; he was certainly rebellious. If he would have written an ending where Miss Barkley and her child had lived, it would have been too easy and common; Hemingway was certainly not like everyone else, and he seemed to be proud of that fact. Even the fact that Hemingway wrote curses and had a lot of sex in his books shows that he liked to shock people. When his publisher asked that he change some words and make his books more acceptable to people, Hemingway refused, then was forced to compromise. I think that the major difference between Hemingway and Henry was that Henry was a likable and normal person while Hemingway was strange and very difficult. Hemingway liked doing things his way and either people had to accept him the way he was or too bad for them. I think that Hemingway probably did not even like himself and that was one reason that he couldnt really like other people. Hemingway seemed to use people only for his own pleasure, and maybe he wanted to think that he was like Henry who was a nicer person. In the book, Twentieth Century Interpretations of A Farewell to Arms, Malcolm Cowley focuses on the symbolism of rain. He sees rain, a frequent occurrence in the book, as symbolizing disaster. He points out that, at the beginning of A Farewell to Arms, Henry talks about how things went very badly and how this is connected to At the start of the winter came permanent rain. Later on in the book we see Miss Barkley afraid of rain. She says, Sometimes I see me dead in it, referring to the rain. It is raining the entire time Miss Barkley is in childbirth and when both she and her baby die. Wyndham Lewis, in the same book of critical essays, points out that Hemingway is obsessed with war, the setting for much of A Farewell to Arms. He feels that the author sees war as an alternative to baseball, a sport of kings. He says that the war years were a democratic, a levelling, school. For Hemingway, raised in a strict home environment, war is a release; an opportunity to show that he is a real man. The essayist, Edgar Johnson says that for the loner it is society as a whole that is rejected, social responsibility, social concern abandoned. Lieutenant Henry, like Hemingway, leads a private life as an isolated individual. He socializes with the officers, talks with the priest and visits the officers brothel, but those relationships are superficial. This avoidance of real relationships and involvement do not show an insensitive person, but rather someone who is protecting himself from getting involved and hurt. It is clear that in all of Hemingways books and from his own life that he sees the world as his enemy. Johnson says, He will solve the problem of dealing with the world by taking refuge in individualism and isolated personal relationships and sensations. John Killinger says that it was inevitable that Catherine and her baby would die. The theme, that a person is trapped in relationships, is shown in all Hemingways stories. In A Farewell to Arms Catherine asks Henry if he feels trapped, now that she is pregnant. He admits that he does, maybe a little. This idea, points out Killinger, is ingrained in Hemingways thinking and that he was not too happy about fatherhood. In Cross Country Snow, Nick regrets that he has to give up skiing in the Alps with a male friend to return to his wife who is having a baby. In Hemingways story Hills Like White Elephants the man wants his sweetheart to have an abortion so that they can continue as they once lived. In To Have and Have Not, Richard Gordon took his wife to that dirty aborting horror. Catherines death, in A Farewell to Arms, saves the authors hero from the hell of a complicated life. In the life of Ernest Hemingway he played many roles of important people. Ernest Hemingway is a great American writer of the 20th century. And it is with this statement that I close my eyes and lay down to rest.