Hitler Essay

Hitler Essay Hitler Essay Adolf Hitler: How Could he Convince the Nation? Submitted to: Mr. Byrne Presented by: Lauren Rowbottom Grade 10 History St. Martins Secondary School Monday, June second, 2014 6,000,000 blameless individuals. The official number of the Holocaust. The precise eradication of 6,000,000 lives, all evaporated with the break of a firearm, the scream of a gas canister, or the protesting hints of stomachs all over the place. Every day the historical backdrop of the holocaust is heard, and every day individuals need to live with the manner in which the Holocaust has influenced them. 6,000,000 stories hindered by incomprehensible awfulness, and 6,000,000 names that have strayed into smoke. The Holocaust is constantly thought of regarding stunning repulsiveness of a lot of quanity. While insights are indispensable to understanding what truly happened between the long periods of nineteen thirty-nine to nineteen forty-five, there is just small time who really comprehended what was happening. This man was named Adolf Hitler the pioneer of the Nazi system, and what mankind sees’ right up 'til today as a severe and crazy man. The mass homicide, directly known as the Holocaust was constrained by a German tyrant, Adolf Hitler. There has been focal point of numerous discussions and contentions because of the severity of this eccentric man. It is exact to state that Hitler is one of the most disputable pioneers ever to walk the Earth. It is difficult to understand by numerous people, on how such a typical looking individual could have had such a brutal mind yet be such an amazing pioneer of a presently command nation. Once more do we as a general public have the full information on what is considered ‘normal’? Hitler's ascent to control was not through that of merciless situations, however his thoughts of a superior, unrivaled Germany captivated numerous people. One of the numerous lines Hitler talked by to himself that again brought individuals into large conviction that he was their friend in need, and that he should too come into power was to: â€Å"Make the untruth huge, make it basic, continue saying it, and in the long run they will trust it.†(Adolf Hitler; way of life) How did Hitler persuade every one of these individuals that his strange convictions and musings were to be viewed as fitting, for the matter of the country’s purpose? Germany unquestionably had its difficult situations because of the Treaty of Versailles, yet how could he cause it to appear to be arousing to execute a huge mass of guiltless individuals. Honestly Hitler was a rousing speaker to Germany and was wise on convincing individuals to his guarantees, he guaranteed them alleviation, guaranteed the jobless employments and in general ‘hope’. Hitler started to speak to numerous Germans feelings of plan to revamp their impressive nation they once had. When the general public heard what they needed to, they closed off the confusion that started to fill their nation. Hitler caused himself to appear to be energetic, which was likewise one of the more savvy thoughts he had, saying that: â€Å"The fate of a country can be turned away just by a tempest of streaming enthusiasm, however just the individuals who are enthusiastic themselves can excite energy in others.†(Adolf Hitler; way of life) From this the individuals felt as though Adolf Hitler comprehended their own needs, and hence promised their trust in him to run the nation. Hitler had a quite certain structure of tricking the individuals, which he utilized for the entirety of his addresses so as to gain by the weakness of the group. The absolute first thing he would do was to call attention to the shared trait of the individuals assembled in the group, with the goal that he could in a flash adjust the gathering. The subsequent stage is distinguish a danger towards the country, to bother the group, and work up the feelings of outrage and by and large dread. The

Research Methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Research Methodology - Essay Example be their discoveries of the distinctions of the structure of governmental policy regarding minorities in society arrangements of the United States in contrast with those being executed in India as far as premise, approaches, government, lawful catalyst and inclusion. The investigation gives fascinating bits of knowledge into the distinctions with regards to employee’s impression of AAPs in India and the United States. These distinctions feature both the constructive and antagonistic mentalities that individuals have about AAPs in the two nations. Businesses ought to know about this issue and legitimize work choices dependent on the abilities of the chose competitors and stress that legitimacy isn't undermined. Further, the substance and structure of assorted variety preparing and instruction programs can't be superimposed without thought of nation and social contrasts. The creators of the examination thought of the title â€Å"The story of two societies: Attitudes towards governmental policy regarding minorities in society in the United States and India†. The title is enlightening and it shows the focal point of the examination. It permits the peruser to effectively decipher the substance of the investigation. Coming up next are the prominent qualities of the title of the examination. The title is the topic of the examination. The area of the investigation, the populace in question, and the period when the information were accumulated were totally overlooked on the title however were shown on the portrayal of members on page 164 shots 2.3 of the exploration. It was expansive enough to incorporate all parts of the topic examined or to be considered. Thus, the title demonstrated what the perusers ought to hope to discover inside the proposal report. The title was brief and succinct as possible.The creators abstained from utilizing the terms â€Å"An Analysis of,† â€Å"A Study of,† â€Å"An Investigation of,† and such. This is significant since every one of these things are comprehended to have been done or to be done when an exploration is directed. The theoretical is found on the primary page of the exploration. It has the discoveries which give the rundown of

35 Inspirational Graduation Quotes Everyone Should Hear

35 Inspirational Graduation Quotes Everyone Should Hear The life of a college student is a special time where one gets to acquire all the knowledge of the world we live in. Many of us enter a university as a shy individual afraid of the shortcomings that await us.Once we open ourselves to a wonderful friendship with our colleagues, that’s when we truly get to sit on the rollercoaster ride and have an adrenaline rush of emotions.While life is a bundle of joy and sadness, certain magnificent people have caught these precious academic moments and frozen them into powerful phrases that have lasted through time. These quotes have recently been given the tag â€" Graduation Quotes.They are aptly named as they give confidence to students and can provide us with the thought process that will forever remain in our minds. GRADUATION QUOTES AND WHAT THEY TRULY MEANWhat are Graduation Quotes?We all need that extra push when our aspirations have run out of gas. Graduation quotes are meaningful phrases put together to evoke feelings of inspiration and to awaken our ambitions that are locked deep within our minds. These quotes act as a shield to protect students from the constant negativity that is thrust upon their academic and personal lives.When the mind is clear, no amount of external force can extinguish our aim. Hence, graduation quotes were specifically compiled to help students chase their dreams and live out their knowledge. Much of the quotes were spoken by historic figures and individuals that hold great influence on the younger generation.When and Why are Graduation Quotes Utilized?The sole purpose of graduation quotes to exist is to fill the empty soul of a student’s life with ambition and aspiration. Without a goal, a student can end up ruining their life with depression and other negative solutions. A simple and powerful phrase can change the way they think and act and hence, graduation quotes were utilized to bring back the positivity and be an eternal teacher when needed.If the student idolizes a certain figure, by taking their words into consideration, the student can reshape their aspiration and motivate themselves to achieve their goals. By introducing prominent and influential people, the student is introduced to new ways of thinking and solving challenges without resorting to suicide and other demotivating acts.Graduation Quotes have a variety of utilization to demonstrate brillianceGraduation quotes aren’t necessarily meant for students but can be utilized by individuals of all ages. Knowledge isn’t something that is learned from within the four walls of an institute, it thrives around us and waits to be understood. Through these meaningful quotes, we unlock the doors to understanding the value of knowledge and begin a journey to become valuable members o f society.Graduation quotes are generally utilized in social-media platforms, magazines, museums, etc. to spread the thought process to a large audience. Many students have even utilized a graduation quote in their yearbook album to showcase their unique perspective on life.During exams, a simple quote can awaken the motivation we need to achieve greater grades and we quickly understand the importance of succeeding in life through knowledge.To raise your spirits up a notch, here is a video containing 12 inspiring quotes for students to deeply consider. 35 GRADUATION QUOTES TO INSPIRE ACADEMIC SUCCESS WITHIN YOU1. A world where men ran half our homes and women ran half our institutions would be just a much better world. â€" Sheryl SandbergThe quote implies that the world would truly be a wondrous place if gender equality became a reality. It goes on to state that men should take equal responsibility in taking care of their home while women should also have a hand in running the busin ess operations of the company. It signifies the necessity of role reversal.2. Don’t ever confuse the two, your life and your work. The second is only part of the first. â€" Anna QuindlenThe phrase signifies that although work is important to our existence, it’s second only to life. Life takes precedence over long working hours and not being able to spend precious time with our families. Money is meaningless if you cannot fully experience the pleasure of life.3. Your life is your story, and the adventure ahead of you is the journey to fulfill your own purpose and potential.  â€" Kerry WashingtonLet no one else dictate the terms of your life, you understand yourself much better than the rest. If you have a passion, follow it to the end of the world if need be. Life is full of adventures and every passion opens the door to various opportunities.4. Your imagination is your preview of life’s coming attractions.  â€" Albert EinsteinEvery time you close your eyes and visualize a happ y moment, it brings a smile to your face. As humans, we have the potential to make a mental image into reality by sheer hard work and effort. Never kill your dreams and aim for the stars.5. Graduation is not the end; it’s the beginning.  â€" Senator Orrin HatchWhile most students think their journey is complete on the last day of graduation, the truth is â€" the journey has only just begun. Now you begin to enter the real world and utilize the skills learned through your graduation years and put them to test.6. The fireworks begin today. Each diploma is a lighted match. Each one of you is a fuse.  â€" Edward KochBy bringing the lighted match closer to the fuse, the countdown for a grand celebration of fireworks begins. The phrase translates to a student receiving his or her diploma and being over the moon in celebration.7. What sculpture is to a block of marble, education is to the human soul.  â€" Joseph AddisonEducation provides the much-needed clarity to an otherwise empty mind . We wouldn’t pass a second glance at a block of marble as we pass it, but if we were to look at a magnificent sculpture, we would certainly spend several minutes admiring the beauty of it.Similarly, education adds personality and intelligence to an individual’s life and he converts himself from a boring individual to a charming personality.8. Education is our passport to the future, for tomorrow belongs to the people who prepare for it today.  â€" Malcolm XWithout education, we wouldn’t know how to perform advanced calculations or procure the knowledge to solve the challenges of the future.Hence, every student needs to be trained and educated to equip themselves with the best of skills to ensure their future remains bright and insured.9. Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life.  â€" Steve JobsTime is a ticking time bomb for the human body. It’s a resource that expends itself with or without our permission. Hence, compared to money and any othe r resource on the planet, time is extremely valuable. We need to utilize our time by absorbing knowledge and aim to become outstanding figures in society.10. It is impossible to live without failing at something unless you live so cautiously that you might as well not have lived at allâ€"in which case, you fail by default.  â€" J.K. RowlingIn life, we have two ways to live â€" we either go out into the open world and face the challenges while enduring risk or we cower in fear while hiding from the dangers of life and tell ourselves that tomorrow is another day to start.Life is an adventure and should be lived without fear and with the aim of accomplishing our goals. With the right education and knowledge, we can minimize our risks and experience the joy of life.11. Be who you are and say what you feel, because those who mind don’t matter and those who matter don’t mind.  â€" Dr. SeussIf you are someone that is afraid to do what you love because of what society thinks, remember t hat people who love and protect you will always continue to support you.It doesn’t matter if society accepts you or not, in the end, what matters is you get to do what your heart wants and the people that matter in your life, continue to love you.12. Now go, and make interesting mistakes, make amazing mistakes, make glorious and fantastic mistakes. Break rules. Leave the world more interesting for you being here. Make good art.  â€" Neil GaimanMistakes are a part of life, they are a stepping stone to achieving the greater things that life has to offer. If you’re afraid of mistakes, you will never reap success.However, if you want to taste success, then go ahead and indulge in making mistakes and not thinking too much of it. After all, the evolution of life isn’t perfect, there are plenty of mistakes to be found in nature itself.13. When you take risks, you learn that there will be times when you succeed and there will be times when you fail, and both are equally important.  â€ " Ellen DeGeneresCount your mistakes as well as your rewards. As an individual, it’s obvious that mistakes aren’t something to be remembered often and should be forgotten as quickly.But failure is just as important as success, it teaches you to never repeat the same mistake twice and this helps you grow as a person every day.14. Go confidently in the direction of your dreams. Live the life you have imagined.  â€" Henry David ThoreauIf you have a passion, then put it on paper and create a checklist to achieve it. Every individual should have the freedom to chase their dreams, being fearful can cause a lot of regret down the years. Hence, don’t be afraid to have a little fun and life your life to the fullest.15. Things turn out best for people who make the best out of the way things turn out.  â€" Art LinkletterYou’ve often been a witness to people complaining about how unfair life was to them and that they have been dealt a bad hand. Life is always going to be unfair unless w e make a stand for it.There is no use complaining over spilled milk, it’s best to dust yourself off and count the blessings in our life and make full use of what we have.16. Opportunity does not knock, it presents itself when you beat down the door.  â€" Kyle ChandlerThere are often optimistic individuals who don’t do much and wait for an opportunity to knock at their door. Unfortunately, the wait could be a very long time for such individuals and by the time opportunity presents itself, it would be too late.It’s important to create opportunities for ourselves by going out into the real world and make a career out of our lives.17. If you think you are too small to be effective, you have never been in the dark with a mosquito.  â€" Betty ReeseWhile a mosquito is a small insect, it can give us a lifetime worth of trouble in a dark room where we are unable to see the pesky scoundrel.Similarly, our current situation might look small when compared to that of our dreams but by chasi ng towards it, we can eventually prove our worth in the long run.18. Take pride in how far you’ve come. Have faith in how far you can go. But don’t forget to enjoy the journey.  â€" Michael JosephsonDuring our lifetimes, it’s important to step back and marvel at all the events that made us what we are today. The small joys and distresses have been life-changing and it’s important to give yourself a pat on the back for coming this far. It’s also equally important in having faith in yourself to achieve even more success in the future.19. Twenty years from now you will be more disappointed by the things you didn’t do than by the ones you did do. So, throw off the bowlines. Sail away from the safe harbor. Catch the trade winds in your sails. Explore. Dream. Discover.  â€" Mark TwainLife is like an open sea, people would rather anchor their ship by the dock and marvel at other ships in the distance.You have a chance to join the others in open waters, you just need to pull up the anchor by driving your ambitions and set sail for a world of adventure that awaits you. Life is about exploration, dreams, and discovering happiness like that of a ship.20. Intelligence plus characterâ€"that is the goal of true education.  â€" Martin Luther King Jr.Education isn’t just about acquiring knowledge and gaining intellect. A man or woman should seek to improve their character and personality by becoming better individuals in society. Make a mark in your career, help your fellow brethren, or win a sports game, education shows a person how to live.21. We do not need magic to change the world, we carry all the power we need inside ourselves already: we have the power to imagine better. â€" JK RowlingWouldn’t it be wonderful if we could magically change our life with the touch of a wand? While many individuals don’t believe in the magic of having a fairy tale ending, the magic happens within each one of us. Our hard work and imagination is all the magic we need to b uild a better world and work towards a conservative future.22. What lies behind us, and what lies before us are small matters compared to what lies within us. â€" Ralph Waldo EmersonPeople are usually found recollecting fragments of the past or dream big of the future, the real strength lies in our capability and our willpower to change the present. Once we thrust our minds to accomplish a goal, anything can be achieved.23. You have brains in your head. You have feet in your shoes. You can steer yourself in any direction you choose. You’re on your own. And you know what you know. You are the guy who’ll decide where to go. â€" Dr. SeussWe have the power to control our thoughts and movement, there isn’t anything we can’t do unless we restrict ourselves from doing it. Free your mind and let it wander through imagination, find the thing that you want most and then prepare your physical body to achieve it.24. We may live in an age of instant messaging, instant gratification and I nstagram, but there is no way to short-circuit the path to success. â€" Tory BurchWhile the future looks bright with convenient access to all forms of entertainment and career options, there is something that can’t be designed to be inside an app â€" our success.There isn’t any secret app that can recreate success, nor can we find a shortcut to achieve success in the future. To achieve it â€" we need to take small steps and work towards our goals.25. Instruction ends in the schoolroom, but education ends only with life.  â€" Frederick W. RobertsonAlthough our days in the university may soon come to an end, the knowledge we acquire through education stays with us for the rest of our lives. Utilizing this knowledge, we need to become responsible citizens and play our part in society.26. You are educated. Your certification is in your degree. You may think of it as the ticket to the good life. Let me ask you to think of an alternative. Think of it as your ticket to change the world .  â€" Tom BrokawWhile education can get you a great job and set you up for a lavish lifestyle, it isn’t why it truly exists. Education was created with the main goal to change the way the world functionsâ€" to decrease crime, to eradicate poverty, and to enjoy a peaceful existence.27. An investment in knowledge always pays the best interest.  â€" Benjamin FranklinA small trickle of information every day is like an investment that grows into a fountain of knowledge over a period. Spend time in acquiring new skills as a hobby and these skills will surely help you in your future goals.28. The only thing you can do in this life is to pursue your passions, celebrate your bloopers and never stop following your fear.  â€" Grace HelbigLife is a comedy of errors that people learn from and develop into better individuals. Life has a simple goal and that is to free your mind from stress and celebrate both your accomplishments and your failure. It’s what makes you â€" human.29. Every perso n you meet knows something you don’t; learn from them.  â€" H Jackson Brown Jr.Never underestimate the type of people you meet, everyone has something useful to impart even if they don’t look the part. It’s necessary to maintain an open-minded nature and try and understand the other person’s opinion. Knowledge can be acquired from anywhere, even in a cave â€" it’s where we humans have evolved from.30. If you can imagine it, you can achieve it; if you can dream it, you can become it.  â€" William Arthur WardNo dream is too big that you can’t reach for it, if your imagination can create a mental picture, you can surely make it a reality. If you have a dream of owning a yacht and sailing the Mediterranean seas, then maybe it’s time to begin with some swimming classes and move up one goal at a time.31. Do not follow where the path may lead. Go, instead, where there is no path and leave a trail.   Ralph Waldo EmersonWhile many successful men leave their trails for others to follow in their footsteps, it takes great courage for someone to start their own trail and make a successful path. Be unique in your endeavors, if society laughs at you for starting something new, let them. Soon they will bask in your glory when you’ve successfully accomplished what you set out to do.32. Creativity is intelligence having fun. â€" Albert EinsteinCreativity is the ember of our intelligence, without creativity, there is no room for intellect. Similarly, playing around with our imagination can bring forth a great idea that we can use to project our goals. It’s always fun to imagine new and distinct things.33. You can’t climb the ladder of success with your hands in your pockets. â€" Arnold SchwarzeneggerTrying to climb a ladder with our hands in our pockets is an extremely frustrating thing to do and can even hurt us. Instead, try using both your hands to hold the ladder steady and climb the ladder of your dreams and success in a confident manner.34. Nothing can dim the light that shines from within. â€" Maya AngelouSociety can create a negative effect on our dreams and aspirations. Our aspiration is like a warm light that comes from without our soul, this light remains with us for the rest of our lives. We can either burn mighty like the wings of a phoenix or it can remain confined inside us. The bottom line is no one can extinguish our dreams.35. Nothing is impossible. The word itself says ‘I’m possible!’ â€" Audrey HepburnAnd finally, to end the list we have one of the world’s most popular quotes. The statement shows the two different mentalities. On one side a person who is ready to quit who sees “Impossible” while a successful person sees the same word as “I’m possible”.If you still looking for more quotes, here’s a video highlighting a set of memorable quotes that you can utilize in your day-to-day life. CONCLUSIONIf you know someone with a stomach full of butterflies due to an examination they are about to take, t ry introducing them to a few quotes and relieving them of their anxiety. Quotes have a way of inducing relaxation when we read them, hence, it’s necessary to get into the habit of reading at least one quote every morning.Beginning the day with positivity can usually lead to a pleasurable existence. Every graduate looks for fresh opportunities and the challenges that lie ahead in life. Graduation quotes can help an individual’s stressful mind in coping with the struggles of day-to-day life with their inspiring messages.

Race And The Criminal Justice System - 1265 Words

Race and the Criminal Justice System Today Anthony, a 23-year-old man and an avid pot smoker, sold marijuana to David, 25. Anthony later would drive by many cops while in possession of marijuana, and not be stopped. David, on the other hand, was not so lucky. He was unnecessarily stop and frisked by a police officer for â€Å"suspicious behavior.† David was charged with possession of marijuana. He happened to be in a state that would have charged him with a felony for possession. He was strongly encouraged by his state appointed attorney that he should take a plea deal to avoid a harsher sentence. David would continue to be abused by the system upon his release. He was no longer allowed to vote, and had a hard time finding a job due to his felony charge. The only thing separating David and Anthony was their race. Anthony had the luck of being born a white-American. Anthony had the privilege to avoid an unnecessary stop and frisk from police. Even if he was caught and charged, he would likely be face with a light sentence. Anthony would likely be freed from prison in a shorter amount of time than David, and have an easier time finding a job. This story is a made up incident, however, many of the issues covered are realties for people of color in the United States of America. There are people out in this world just like David, facing the system that has been forged against them. Thusly, there is a clear racial bias within the criminal justice that has been backed, supported, andShow MoreRelatedRace and its Implications in the Criminal Justice System1008 Words   |  5 PagesRace has continually been an important issue within the United States and most predominantly the criminal justice system. Racial tension in America is often thought of as being white versus black, even though that is not in fact the case. African-Americans view the system as favoring whites while trying to keep them at the bottom. While whites claim that the criminal justice system is colorblind, blacks clearly do not feel this way; whites underestimate the racial divide in the criminal justice systemRead MoreThe On The Criminal Justice System And Rac e Relations1509 Words   |  7 PagesThere is so much information in this book that challenges how we view the criminal justice system and race relations. The content of this book is so dense that I had to take a break from reading it for about a week or so. I learned I could not skim or skip because I continually discovered new insights even when I thought I had already gotten it. It almost felt like my brain was rewiring itself as I was reading it. I am still trying to absorb and synthesize all the information. I honestly had no ideaRead MoreRace And Crime : Criminal Justice System1460 Words   |  6 PagesRace and crime are interwoven with how justice and criminology are handled. Police have a racial bias against blacks and incarcerate them in larger numbers than any other race. Statistically, blacks have a higher arrest and incarceration rate than other races do. Due to police being taught that racial profiling is a necessary part of the job, blacks have now become a prime target for many false arrests and often serve jail time for a crime they may not have committed. The black community often expressesRead MoreRace And Crime Of The Criminal Justice System6937 Words   |  28 PagesRace and Crime For hundreds of years’ race and crime in America has been an ongoing issue. Therefore, the criminal justice topic I am going to research throughout this paper will be regarding the different races and crimes that are most commonly committed and how each different race is treated in the criminal justice system also how they are each individually affected by the American justice system. I will discuss background information of each race as well as problems and issues they are currentlyRead MoreRace And The American Criminal Justice System868 Words   |  4 Pagesis a serious problem with our justice system. It is not a secret that people are judged by the color of their skin, ethnicity and in some cases by religious beliefs. I strongly believe that race affects how an individual is persived/ treated and it plays an important role in the American Criminal Justice Unfortunately, race plays an important role in the American Criminal Justice System. This issue exist in other coun tries and societies too. The American Justice System is not an exception of this wrongdoingRead MoreRace And The American Criminal Justice System888 Words   |  4 Pagesa serious problem with our justice system. It is not a secret that people are judged by the color of their skin, ethnicity and in some cases by religious beliefs. I strongly believe that race affects how an individual is perceived/ treated and it plays an important role in the American criminal justice. Unfortunately, race plays an important role in the American criminal justice system, also this issue exists in other countries and societies. The American justice system is not an exception of thisRead MoreThe Bearing of Race and Ethnicity in the Criminal Justice System1285 Words   |  5 PagesThere has been an ongoing debate as to whether or not race and ethnicity have a bearing on an individual’s treatment in the criminal justice system for many years. I will be arguing that race and ethnicity do in fact, have a bearing on one’s treatment in the criminal justice system. I will be backing up my position on this topic by providing evidence from five scholarly articles. My first source is African Americans and the Criminal Justice system by Phyllis Gray-Ray, Melvin C. Ray, Sandra Rutland,Read MoreRace And Class : The American Criminal Justice System903 Words   |  4 PagesRace and Class in the American Criminal Justice System In the article â€Å"Race and Class in the American Criminal Justice System† by David Cole the inequality within the United State s Criminal Justice System is summarized. David Cole is a graduate from Yale University where he has received his law and bachelor’s degree. He specializes in many different fields of Criminal Justice, and is a fairly well known writer regarding legal affairs and political actions like civil liberties and national securityRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System, Corrections And Their Intersection With Race And Gender Essay1883 Words   |  8 PagesThe criminal justice system is a complex system with many layers and a rich history in the United States. Over the years, we have discovered what works and what does not, even today we are still learning and debating what’s right and what’s wrong with in this system. This article will discuss three components of the criminal justice system policing, courts, corrections and their intersec tion with race and gender. Topics include the death penalty, sentencing disparities, racial profiling, stop andRead MoreWith a Focus on Gender or Race, Discuss Whether the Criminal Justice System Is Biased.3183 Words   |  13 Pagesfocus on gender or race, discuss whether the criminal justice system is biased. Society expects the criminal justice system to provide justice for everyone by protecting the innocent, to punish and convict the guilty, and to rehabilitate them in an attempt to stop them reoffending. It is supposed to give fair justice for everyone, regardless of gender, but much is written that suggests that the criminal justice system is gender-biased. Gender bias was not formed by the justice system, but it does reflect

The American Revolution A Historiographical Introduction

The American Revolution, also known as the U.S. War of Independence, started in the early 1700s and ended in the late 1700s. This war was started in an attempt to end the tension between the American colonies and the British government. After reading the article, â€Å"The American Revolution: A Historiographical Introduction,† provided by The British Library, and â€Å"The Historiography of the American Revolution† by Michael Hattem, I have a better overall understanding of how the history of the American Revolution has changed over time. If I were to continue writing the article â€Å"The American Revolution: A Historiographical Introduction,† provided by The British Library I would choose to use a book titled â€Å"Revolutionary Characters: What Made The Founders Different,† written by Gordon S. Wood, and a book titled â€Å"Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation,† written by Joseph J Ellis as reference. The article â€Å"The American R evolution: A Historiographical Introduction,† provided by The British Library, goes over how the American Revolution’s history has changed throughout the years following it. The events of history cannot be changed but depending on the person explaining it is, the perspective will change. The article by Michael Hattem titled, â€Å"The Historiography of the American Revolution,† has a very similar idea. This article goes over different interpretations of multiple time periods. One of the books I would choose to use to continue writing the assigned articleShow MoreRelatedThe Great Lakes Region By Richard White1366 Words   |  6 Pageson the Great Lakes region during the colonial and early national periods in regards to the developing relationships between the intrusive French, British, Americans and the indigenous Native Americans. The Middle Ground: Indians, Empires and Republics in the Great Lakes Region effectively links Native American history to broader themes in American history. He presents a convincing argument of how the Middle Ground, a place the French called the pays d’en haut, allowed for mutual accommodation andRead MoreMalcolm X: Historical Perceptions3235 Words   |  13 Pagesto future historians and more importantly, to the study of history. Principally, these differences of thought and perspective are greatly determined by the writers context, which in turn is at the core of the focus question, concerning the historiographical issue whether each generation writes the same history in a new way. Furthermore the purpose of this thesis is, not only, to show whether each generation does write the same history in a new way, but whether through this process the growth ofRead More My Friend Hamilton -Who I shot Essay6642 Words   |  27 PagesA Historiographical Discussion of the Duel Between Aaron Burr and The duel between Aaron Burr and Alexander Hamilton holds a significant relevance in American history and should be examined within the context of early American culture and politics. The recent historiography of the incident provides us with a complex, evolving web of conflicting interpretations. Since the day of this tragic duel, contemporaries and historians have puzzled over why these two prominent American statesmenRead MoreBibliographic Essay on African American History6221 Words   |  25 PagesBibliographic Essay on African American History Introduction In the essay â€Å"On the Evolution of Scholarship in Afro- American History† the eminent historian John Hope Franklin declared â€Å"Every generation has the opportunity to write its own history, and indeed it is obliged to do so.†1 The social and political revolutions of 1960s have made fulfilling such a responsibility less daunting than ever. Invaluable references, including Darlene Clark Hine, ed. Black Women in

Human Anatomy And Behavior The Egg And The Sperm

More Than Just Anatomical Difference Even though women today are allowed to do many things in which they did not have much say in the past there is still controversy as of today. When a person thinks of sexual inequality they usually think of the home stay mom or the girl not being able to play American football because she s a woman and not a man. However, there is a lot more to this female injustice, more as of in an educational basis, in the text books. More specifically in the science textbooks where everyone is taught human anatomy and behavior. It is hard to keep sexual equality when the press surrounds us with texts and media portraying the female as a weak species rather than strong and independent. Through a universal language all around the world the female anatomy is depicted differently from the males. Scientists render different analogy in describing female organism to a males. Not only the fact that indeed we do have different anatomy but also the ways that scienti sts describe our differences. â€Å"The Egg and the Sperm† is a great article by Emily Martin where she shines a light on the gender stereotypes hidden within the scientific language of biology. Along with Emily’s article there was Anne Fausto-Sterling’s article, â€Å"Society Constructs Biology; Biology Constructs Gender,† where she describes how the scientific theory has come to shape the social concept such as gender in the science field. They both tell examples and stories that bring you toShow MoreRelatedSex, Gender, And Gender915 Words   |  4 PagesUltimately the two terms intertwine because, one’s biologically determined sex is assigned a gender role to play. The main difference between the two is that gender excludes biology. Sex represents the body’s anatomy and physiological workings and gender represents social forces that mold behavior. 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Importance of Cad in Civil Engineering Example For Students

Importance of Cad in Civil Engineering Throughout the last few years, technology has been improving the lives of people from all walks of life and all fields of study. One of the big pieces of technology in the civil engineering field today is computer aided drafting. AutoCAD is a computer aided design software for the 2D and 3D design of certain objects or places. Computer aided drafting is widely used in the civil engineering field because of its ability to plan sites a lot easier then hand drawings, it can help design a lot of engineering supplies, and is constantly upgrading. Up until a few years ago, civil engineers would hand draw their design plans which could take a while. Computer aided drafting makes this process faster and easier. It can also lay out sites, roads, sidewalks, bridges and other engineering items. There are constant upgrades to computer aided drafting being made every year to improve the system and help civil engineers. Outline1 CAD Compared to Hand Drawing2 Products of CAD3 Upgrades for CAD CAD Compared to Hand Drawing In the world of construction, material, labor, equipment, time and money are some of the most important factors. A speedy well planned site could decrease the construction cost drastically. Up until 1971, there was no way to use a computer and all site drawings had to be done in hand. This was very time consuming and would usually delay the rest of the construction process. During that year, a program was developed, CORELAP was one of the first site layout applications for the computer but still had its faults. Other tools for the computer were designed but most had major faults and none gained wide acceptance by the civil engineering industry. But by 1987, AutoCAD was developed and sold to computers everywhere. (Sadeghpour, Moseli Alkass, 2006) Now that computer aided drafting has been introduced to the home computer, work can be done anywhere and it a lot speedier then its hand drawn counterpart. AutoCAD is also more accurate then hand drawn designs. Site layout related elements can be systematically identified and organized into certain object libraries. This helps by making the site layout problems more comprehensible and easier to read for the engineers and associates of the engineers. A lot of the simple calculations a civil engineer had to do while hand drawing, computer aided drafting could do in a matter of seconds with the push of a button. (Sadeghpour, Moseli Alkass, 2006) Due to the dynamic input button, drawings that would have taken an engineer a long time to create are now done with ease and less time consummation. The CAD database is also full of other tools that can help an engineer get the job done in a quick and effective way. An engineer can also save the file anywhere on his or her computer as if it was a Microsoft word document. This would allow the engineer to go back anytime to be able to find and edit the site. (Sadeghpour, Moseli Alkass, 2006) Products of CAD Computer aided drafting has been used over the years for more than just site layouts. Different engineers use computer aided drafting for different reasons. Civil engineers typically use this tool for site design and layouts. Civil engineers have many tools to help them with this. They can grade or level any set of land, with just a simple input. Roads, sidewalks and bridges can also be created using this tool. Civil engineers actually have their own civil computer aided drafting program called Civil AutoCAD. With this tool, an engineer would be able to design their entire site, including access roads, car entrances, site boundaries, and contour lines. Contour lines are lines that connect to points of the same height below or above sea level. (Sadeghpour, Moseli Alkass, 2006) .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8 , .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8 .postImageUrl , .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8 , .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8:hover , .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8:visited , .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8:active { border:0!important; } .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8:active , .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8 .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7f038acdbf02eb5a02205862def62ec8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: What use of the supernatural does Shakespeare make EssayComputer aided drafting has a lot more uses then just what civil engineers use it for. Mechanical engineers can create complex parts for objects. These are usually designed on AutoCAD and used for various uses. Mechanical engineers can actually create 2D and 3D models of objects that can be used to accurately create the object that was portrayed in the drawing. Sectional views are views from different sides of the object and different viewpoints and are used to quickly generate a 3D model of what the object will look like. After the drawing is done and labeled, it can be sent to a machine which will actually create a handheld mold of the object. This would then be used to create the object and then the object would be sent to stores for public use. (Oancea, Chicos, Ivan Lancia, 2009) Computer aided drafting also has an architectural piece to it too. Architectural engineers can use this program to construct buildings and houses with extreme precision. One of the things that all engineers focus on the most is safety. Civil engineers have to create roads and bridges safe enough to drive on. Mechanical engineers have to create objects that are safe to use and can be used by the public without any incidents. Architectural engineers have to create houses that are stable enough for a family to live in. With AutoCAD, engineers can be more accurate with a lot less problems therefore being safer for the public to use. (Sadeghpour, Moseli Alkass, 2006) Upgrades for CAD Every year that passes, technology continues to get more advanced and spread all over the world. Same thing is true for computer aided drafting. It continues to grow, expand and new tools are coming out every year to help create the best experience for engineers everywhere. SOLALI is one of these many tools, it helps create drafting sectional views of objects. Aligned sectional views for 3D object created in AutoCAD can be obtained from using this tool. (Oancea, Chicos, Ivan Lancia, 2009) There are many construction projects that have a really bad performance because of faulty design and/or incomplete construction planning. Fourth dimensional computer aided drafting is one of the brand new method that has been used to help with construction planning. Two of the most important focuses of 4D computer aided drafting is site planning and workplace analysis. A 4D computer aided design system was made for scheduling and site utilization in 2006. (Kim, Kim, Park Kim, 2011) Most of the 4D CAD systems that are out there are used for plant and building projects that use 3D objects. There really isn’t a 4D computer aided design system for a civil engineer’s use. Research is being done to try to develop a design system for schedule data for civil engineering project that are in the field of transportation. Some examples of these are highway paving, railways and earth work. (Kang, Pyeon, Moon, Kim Kang, 2013) In conclusion, computer aided drafting is used all over the world and every type of engineer can benefit of it. Computer aided drafting is widely used in the civil engineering field because of its ability to plan sites a lot easier then hand drawings, it can help design a lot of engineering supplies, and is constantly upgrading. Compared to hand drawing, computer aided drafting has been proven to be quicker, easier, and more accurate. Civil, mechanical and architectural engineers all benefit from using computer aided design and they all use it for a different purpose. The past couple years engineers have seen a lot of technological changes and computer aided drafting is one of the most improved technologies in the field. Therefore, AutoCAD is one of the top tools being used in the civil engineering field right now and it continues to improve. .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2 , .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2 .postImageUrl , .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2 , .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2:hover , .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2:visited , .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2:active { border:0!important; } .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2:active , .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2 .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc7122af62ad918ae313e8f4e07994fa2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Life Of Ma Parker EssayReferences Kang, L., Pyoen, A.M., Moon, H., Kim, C., Kang, M. (2013) Development of improved 4D CAD system for horizontal works in civil engineering projects. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 27, 212-230 Kim, C., Kim, H., Park, T., Kim, M. K. (2011) Applicability of 4D CAD in civil engineering construction: case study of a cable-stayed bridge project. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 25, 98-107. Oancea, G., Chicos, L. A., Ivan, N. V., Lancea, C. (2009) Automatic obtaining of aligned sectional views in autocad layouts. DAAAM Symposium, 20, 167-168. Sadeghpour, F., Moselhi, O., Alkass, S. T. (2006) Computer aided site layout planning. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 132, 143-151

The Highs And Lows Of A True Greek Hero Essays - Greek Mythology

The Highs And Lows Of A True Greek Hero The Highs and Lows of a True Greek Hero Heroes are almost perfect people. Odysseus was a great Greek Hero. Just like all of us though, he had exceptional abilities and faults. You notice many examples throughout the Odyssey that which was authored by Homer. The traits you notice are his tall tales, and his extravagant curiosity. Also, he is very attractive, extremely clever, and like most heroes has great ability. Odysseus had few negative qualities. He told many tall tales throughout the Odyssey. Telling tall tales wasn't a good habit, but put for a good cause because the Goddess Athena requested him too. Being one with following the Gods, he abided by her rules and told a lie to the swineherd Eumaeus, and told him that he was from out of town and lied about his name as well. He fooled Eumaeus quite easily but didn't realize how hurt people were getting by Odysseus' his absence. Other than the tall tale telling, Odysseus was also very curious. When they reached the island of the Cyclopes, the curious Odysseus let his curiosity go to work. He noticed the big cave of Polyphemus and believed they might be nice and humble towards strangers, but he was wrong! He entered the cave out of curiosity of the people, and ran into Polyphemus, the giant Cyclops. His curiosity caused the life of some of his men. On the other hand, Odysseus had many good qualities though to go along with the negative ones. He had looks, strength, and extreme ability. Odysseus proved very clever while at the isle of the Cyclopes. After his curiosity killed some men of his, he desired to escape. He cleverly decided to get Polyphemus drunk on wine, and to blind his one and only eye! This scheme worked, but now they had to escape! He came up with the idea to strap him and his companions to strap themselves to the bottom of Polyphemus' sheep. In the morning, Polyphemus counted his sheep and guarded the cave well so they could not escape, but with them under the sheep, Polyphemus was helpless! This clever scheme worked and they set off for the isle of Aeolus. Odysseus had many women lusting for him. After all, heroes are almost always handsome. One of the first women to fall for him was Circe. Circe was a goddess of the wind. She took him hostage on her island, but his single-mindedness and the messenger God Hermes helped him survive. Also, the goddess Calypso fell for this hero. She kept him captive on her island for 8 years hoping he would love her, but he never did. Odysseus' captors must have proven him attractive if they thought they loved him. Another of Odysseus' positive traits was his great strength. In many situations he proved this ability. While floating from Calypso's island, he came to the Land of the Phaeacians. While right outside the rocks to this island, he treaded water for a whole day non-stop until he found a safer passage into this land. Also, Odysseus showed great strength near the end of this story, when he helped slay 108 suitors. One hundred eight suitors had moved into Odysseus' palace and tried to win his spouse. This angered Odysseus to a point where he killed viciously for his land of Ithaca. Though it is bad to kill, it is even harder to kill 108 grown men. Through Odysseus' long journey home we saw all of his traits come out. Traits both good and bad, more good than bad. This journey remained long because of his love for someone, which is one of the best characteristics to have. Bibliography Homer, The Odyssey; Adapted Classic New Jersey ; Globe Book Company, 1992

Essay on Beyond the Scientific Method

Essay on Beyond the Scientific Method Essay on Beyond the Scientific Method CASE STUDY # 1 UNCOVERING THE SOURCE OF A COMA PREPARED BY: ALLANTE WEBB DATE: 9/13/11 CHM 1030.007 The purpose of this case study is to apply the scientific method by making empirical observations, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, revising the hypothesis, and eventually asserting a theory. LG is a 35 year old woman who came into the emergency room with numerous of symptoms. She had stiff muscles and has shortness of breath. LG was also sweaty and shaky. These symptoms were experienced before she was diagnosed with hypokalemia. In her past medical history it was discovered that she suffers from spina bifida since birth, asthma, a latex allergy, has an ileostomy, and a leg weakness. Because of her leg weakness LG has to use a walker. LG has been suffering from numerous things since birth. When a person has been diagnosed with other diseases or sickness it is common for them to be affected in other ways too. Over time I believe her spina bifida worsened and affected her lungs and made her muscles stiff. The result is bad because her health is more at risk. There was nothing done right or wrong. The disease just spread throughout her body and now is making it hard for her to breath. Even though she has asthma, which is treated with a nebulizer, this does not aide in her breathing. LG also had an ileostomy which is a surgical opening constructed by bringing the end loop of the small intestine out onto the surface of her skin. In order to further support my hypothesis I would ask the patient to present to me her family medical history. This will help in finding a way to solve her symptoms that are now occurring. I would like to find out if spina bifida and or hypokalemia is in her past history. Having the family medical history will help me better understand how this happened to LG and why. I would asses her breathing and muscle strength. This would inform me how fast her bones are stiffening. If spina bifida causes her shortness of breath and stiff muscles then that will explain why she has these symptoms. Hypokalemia is not the diagnosis of LG. I am now going to research both of these diagnoses and see if my hypothesis is proven. Hypokalemia is means that the potassium in the blood is too low. It causes a small elevation in blood pressure and can provoke cardiac arrthythmias. Cardiac arrthymias is when the heart’s normal rhythm is disrupted. This leads to shortness of breath. Hypokalemia causes muscles cramps, muscle weakness, and also constipation. Urinary loss, low potassium intake, and integument loss are a few causes of hypokalemia. In order to treat hypokalemia it has to be determined how severe the case is. Mild hypokalemia is treated with an oral potassium chloride supplement. Potassium related food is put into the person’s diet. Severe hypokalemia is treated intravenous with an IV supplementation. When replacing potassium intravenously, infusion via a central line is encouraged to avoid the frequent occurrence of a burning sensation at the site of a peripheral IV, or the rare occurrence of damage to the vein. Spina bifida is a congenital disorder caused by the incomplete closing of the embryo neural tube. There are no clear causes of this disease but researchers believe it could be environmental or genetic. In severe cases the spine and back will swell. The person will have nerve damage that will affect their daily life. The person with spina bifida also develops an allergy to latex. Spina bifida is diagnosed before and after birth. While pregnant a woman can get an ultrasound and have blood work done to see if her child has this defect. She can also undergo a maternal triple or quadruple screen. If the triple or quadruple screen test shows that you have elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein a neural tube defect in the fetus, such as spina bifida, may be suspected. In this case more detailed tests are done. Spina bifida can be treated by physical

Law and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Law and Management - Essay Example Leaders aspiring to be visionary should be able to mentor their successors at all levels and look beyond the horizon. To maintain the quality of leadership and lead people effectively, one needs to maintain the time and adopt the change required by the market. To be ahead in the competition, he should be the market leader in product development and technology. The leader should be a continuous learner, who always observes the global economic trends very closely, improves his listening skills and maintains a good relationship with his employees, while showing the empathy that will lead to better organizational culture. This will help to attract, nurture and retain the best talent in the organization. An effective leader should ask himself some retrospective questions like whether he is inspiring his own employees in the right direction or not Whether he is able to communicate effectively his vision, mission and strategic goals of the business, across the organization or not How courageous he is to implement his strategies, even during difficult times How frequently he takes the feedback whether he is in the wrong direction or right How best is he able to take timely decisions And, at the same time, whether he directs his employees towards right path or not An effective leader should maintain the simplicity and should be careful enough in matters of costs for the company and if the company is global he should not think in terms of dollars but should see each pie in terms of that country's currency. This will help him become aware of the local problems and culture that, in turn, will be helpful in solving such issues by adopting a suitable strategy related to that unit. An effecti ve leader lays emphasis on leadership principles, especially on the awesome responsibility of taking care of a good number of people's life and livelihood. According to James C Hunter, the author of "The Servant Leadership", the true foundation of leadership is not power, but authority, which is built upon relationships, love, service and sacrifice. Traditional Leadership Styles Comprehending the types of leadership styles is an essential first step in leadership development, which will help one to decide the leadership style that would work best for oneself and the organization Basically there are three classic leadership styles Laissez Faire, Autocratic, and Participative. 1. The Laissez-faire Style This style works well if one has highly skilled and highly motivated people and where direct reporting is done. The laissez-faire style employs low control; it depends more upon the leader's perception of how much freedom one should give to the people. 2. The Autocratic Style An autocratic leader is one who demands instant conformity to his words. These are the characteristics of autocratic leadership: Directs others what to do; restricts ideas or novel ways of doing things; generates fear of power, nepotism and humiliation; the team does not experience the teamwork sensation; shows immediate discontent at the petite blunder in accomplishing the business goals. This style is the least effective, because of hierarchical decision-making. It slaughters the creativity of employees. The autocratic style is found to be very effective when time is scarce, team members are unknown, persons/team lack expertise and know-how, and also in turning around a company, or in a formidable hostile takeover. 3. The Participative Style This style

Philosophy (Theory of knowledge) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Philosophy (Theory of knowledge) - Essay Example First, reason is an objective and powerful decision tool for any body in any areas of life. As written by several authors, I believe that reason is a way of knowing what is right and wrong; what is true and not true; what is valid and not valid; and what is good and bad. As such, anybody could be guided in what to do by reasoning. For example, the decision to help others in need might be both good and bad. Taking for instance the giving of help to a sick person who is hungry. Giving the food asked is good because it will fill his hunger but this could be bad if the kind of food, the time of giving, and the way the food is to be taken are not in accordance with the doctor’s prescription. The reason(s) to help will assist the person in appropriately deciding whether to give or not the food, and if the person should give, what kind of food; when should the food be given; and in what manner should the food be taken. Likewise, in rearing a child, the decision whether to punish or n ot is based on the parents’ motives and manners of discipline which consist of reasons. Further, the decision of going to school and performing best is arrived if a person desires to prepare for the future. Hence, one can manage a better life by advantageously using reason as a guide in decision making. Second, reason is a clear or open inference to support claims and this is so because it is based on facts. Koukl says â€Å"we draw inferences based on cause and effect, or we draw conclusions by employing the laws of rationality.†1 Along this notion, Koukl cited the example that â€Å"square circles can not exist† to emphasize the law of non-contradiction. Consequently, genuine fact is tantamount to certainty which leads to a conclusion that can not be contradicted. For example, in claiming for

Liver Functions, Anatomy and Diseases

Liver Functions, Anatomy and Diseases Sandra Marais Nikita Wiggil Charne Scott Chante Wiese   Sue-May van der Westhuizen Stephanie Willows Contents (Jump to) Introduction The Anatomy and function of the Liver Definition and description of the disease Fatty Liver Disease Symptoms PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND ETIOLOGY OF FATTY LIVER DISEASES: Treatment and prevention Introduction The Anatomy and function of the Liver Anatomy is the science of the structure and shape of entities. It is important for the knowledge of hepatic anatomy and surgery. The liver is one of the largest organs of the human body after the skin it is the second largest. The liver is the largest gland in the human body, with an average weight of 1500g. The transverse measurements ranges between 20 and 22,5cm, its vertical measurements (close to its right/lateral surface) between 15 and 17,5cm and its antero-posterior diameter between 10 and 12,5cm. Its measurement, from opposite the vertebral column, is reduced to roughly 7,5cm. It is found underneath the diaphragm -in the right upper abdomen, mid abdomen as well as in parts of the left upper abdomen. The shape of the liver generally has the form of a wedge or a prism. According to Synington the shape resembles that of a right-angled triangular prism with the right angle rounded off. Its base faces the right and its apex to the left, the colour of the liver is dark reddish brown it has a soft degree of density, it contains a large amount of vessels and is very brittle. In an adult, it is smaller than in a fetus. In the later (side) it contributes roughly one thirty-six of the body weight. In the former (side) it contributes roughly one-eighteenth of the body weight. The liver has three surfaces namely the superior (Facies superior), inferior (Facies inferior/ visceral surface) and posterior (Facies posterior). The posterior surface is divided from the superior surface by a sharp margin. The superior surface attaches itself to the diaphragm as well as the anterior abdominal by the falciform ligament (ligamentum falciform hepatis). The falciform ligament separates the liver into a right lobe (lobus hepatis dexter) and a left lobe (lobus hepatis sinister). The right lobe is larger than the left. Five fossae divide the inferior and posterior surfaces into four lobes. The fossae are arranged like the letter ‘’H’’. The left limb of the H is divided into what is known as the left sagittal fossa (fossa sagittalis sinistra/longitudinal fissure) consisting off the fossa of the umbilical vein and the fossa for the ductus venosus. The right limb of the H consists of the fossa for the gall-bladder (fossa vesicà ¦ felleà ¦) and th e fossa for the inferior vena cava (fossa venà ¦ cavà ¦). The two limbs of the H surfs as a transverse fissure- the porta (porta hepatis/transverse fissure). The superior surface is part of is part of the left and right lobe. This surface is convex. The middle part is found behind the xiphoid process and it makes contact with the abdominal wall. It is entirely concealed by peritoneum, with the exception of the line of attachment of the flaciform ligament. The inferior surface is concave. It is aimed downward, backward as well as to the left. The surface is infused in peritoneum- the only parts that are without it, is where the gall-bladder and the liver attaches as well as at the porta hepatis. The posterior surface has a curved surface and is broad on the right, but narrow on the left. The diaphragm is attached with a triangular and coronary ligament that intertwine connective tissue, it leads to the intimate connection of the inferior vene cava that is connected with hapatic veins that holds up the posterior part of the liver. The abdominal viscera full the abdomen, where the muscular walls are in a state of tonic contraction. The superior surface of the liver fits under the diaphragm surface, so that the pressure is enough to hold the diaphragm. The lax falciform ligament creates no support for the lateral displacement and the latter creates negative pressure that is held up in the thorax (Gray, Henry. Anatomy of the Human Body. PHILADELPHIA: Lea Febiger, 1918; Bartleby.com, 2000. www.bartleby.com/107/. [DATE of Printout].) Functions of the liver The liver receives blood from two main sources: 30% is received from the hepatic arteries and 70% is received from the hepatic portal vein. The hepatic portal vein receives blood from the stomach, intestines, pancreas and spleen; which is then carried to the liver through the porta hepatis. All nutrients are absorbed by the small intestine, all nutrients reaches the liver by this route except for lipids. Arterial blood bound for the liver exists the aorta ant the celiac trunk. These arteries deliver oxygen and other materials to the liver. (SALADIN, p. 975-977) Digestion Liver produces bile; which is a mixture of water, bile salts, cholesterol and pigments of bilirubin. Bile is produced by hepatocytes in the liver. Bile passes through the bile ducts and is stored in the gallbladder. Fats are emulsificated by bile. Large fat clumps are turned into smaller pieces which makes it easy for the body to digest. Old worn oud red blood cells are destroyed by Kupffer cells in the liver. Kupffer cells pass their components to the hepatocytes. Haemoglobin is the red oxygen-carrying pigment of red blood cells, haemoglobin is metabolized into heme and globin components. Energy for the body comes from globin protein. Metabolism Liver is responsible for metabolizing carbohydrates , lipids and proteins into biologically useful materials. Blood entering the liver through the hepatic portal vein is rich in glucose from digested food. Some of this glucose is absorbed by hepatocytes. The glucose is stored as the macromolecule glycogen. Homeostasis is maintained by the absorption and release of glucose by the hepatocytes, it helps protect the body from spikes and drops that can be dangerous in the blood glucose level. Hepatocytes absorb and metabolise fatty acids to produce energy in the form of ATP. Through gluconeogenesis the hepatocytes convert glycerol and other lipid components into glucose. Cholesterol is a lipid which can also be produced by hepatocytes and gets excreted from the body as a component of bile. Amino acids is a component from dietary proteins. Amine groups are removed from the amino acids, by the hepatocytes, which is further converted into ammonia and urea. Urea can be excreted in urine as a waste product. Urea is less toxic than ammonia. Detoxification Hepatocytes cells of the liver monitor the contents of the blood and toxic substances are removed before they reach the rest of the body. Alcohol and drugs are metabolised into their inactive metabolites by the enzymes in hepatocytes cells. Storage Nutrients, vitamins and minerals obtained from the blood passing through the hepatic portal system are stored in the liver. Homeostasis of blood glucose is maintained by the storage of nutrients. Vitamins such as A, D, E, K and B12 is stored in the liver. Minerals such as iron and copper are stored in the liver. Production Vital protein components of blood plasma such as prothrombin, fibrinogen and albumins are produced by the liver. Prothrombin and fibrinogen proteins are factors involved in the formation of blood clots. Albumins maintain the isotonic environment of blood. Immunity Bacteria, fungi, parasites, worn out red blood cells and cellular debris are captured and digest by Kupffer cells. Large volumes of blood are cleaned very quickly by Kupffer cells due to the large volumes of blood passing through the hepatic portal system. (www.innerbody.com/image _digeov/card10-new2.html) American journal of Physiology: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology : physiology and pathophysiology of apoptosis in epithelial cells of the liver; pancreas and intestine. By Blake. A. Jones ; Gregory. J. Gores. Published 1 December 1997 (vol.273. no.6, G1174-G1188) Definition and description of the disease Fatty liver disease â€Å"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinical and pathological syndrome.† (Zeng, et al., 2008) The main feature of NAFLD is the swelling of the (liver cells) hepatocytes because of pathological factor, alcohol excluded, that injure the liver. NAFLD is ranged from fatty liver alone to steatohepatitis, steatonecrosis and non-alcoholic steatohepartitis (NASH). (NASH) is only a stage in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. NAFLD may have the potential to progress into cirrhosis and liver failure.† Liver –biopsy features include steatosis, mixed inflammatory cell-infiltration, hepatocytes ballooning and necrosis, glycogen nuclei, Mallory’s hyaline and fibrosis.† (Angulo, 2002) According to Jansen (2004) NASH is an under diagnosed liver disease characterized by steatosis, necroinflammation and fibrosis. NASH can possibly develop into cirrhosis and hepatic cellular carcinoma. NASH incorporate mixed acute and chronic lobular inflammation, zone 3 perisinusiodal fibrosis and ballooning (Brunt, et al., 1999). Alcoholic liver disease. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) includes a variety of spectrum of injury that can be from simple steatosis to frank cirrhosis. There are 3 groups of histological stages of ADL. Fatty liver or simple steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis and chronic hepatitis with hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis. ALD can be caused by different types of factors including dose, duration and type of alcohol consumption and risk factors like obesity iron overload ect. Fatty Liver Disease Symptoms Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease causes no signs or symptoms that can be noticed but when it is noticed, it show signs of: Fatigue Pain in the right upper abdomen Weight loss. Inflammation and scarring of the liver Possible progression to liver failure. Symptoms consists of four (4) stages namely Simple fatty liver disease ( steatosis), Non-alcoholic Fatty liver Disease (NAFLD), Fibrosis And Cirrhosis. Simple fatty liver (Steatosis)- There are no clear symptoms and it can only be discoverd by an abnormal blood test result. Non-alcoholic Steotohepatitis (NASH)- It is the most aggressive form of this condition, it causes the liver to become inflamed creating a dull or aching pain in the top right abdomen, covering the lower side of the ribs. There may be no signs of any symptoms at all and it can only be discovered by specialized testing. Fibrosis- Constant inflammation in the liver which leads to the formation of scar tissue. Cirrhosis- Over a long period of time, it creates inflammation which can lead to the loss of liver function- which may lead to creating primary cancer. ALCOHOL-RELATED (ARLD) It shows no symptoms until the liver has already been severely damaged and it causes symptoms such as: Feeling sick, weak or tired Loos of weight Loss of appetite Jaundice- the yellowing of the eyes and skin The swelling of the stomach and ankles Confusion or drowsiness The excretion or the vomiting of blood. Alcohol related fatty liver disease is constantly diagnosed because of other conditions or other tests. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND ETIOLOGY OF FATTY LIVER DISEASES: Fatty Liver Disease encompasses two over head segments, namely Alcoholic Liver Disease and Non Alcoholic Liver Disease. ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE (ALD) Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD) encompasses the manifestations of the liver that is caused by the over consumption of alcohol (ethanol). It includes Fatty Liver, Alcoholic Hepatitis, and Chronic Hepatitis with liver cell fibrosis or cirrhosis.*1 Ethanol metabolization takes place in the liver. There are two main pathways of alcohol metabolism, namely alcohol dehydrogenase and cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 2 E1. The first pathway works as follows: Firstly ethanol is metabolized by Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) into Acetaldehyde in the cytoplasm. The second phase occurs in the smooth Endoplasmic reticulum of mitochondria, where Acetaldehyde is further metabolized by Aldehyde dehydrogenase into acetate. Acetate is then finally oxidized into carbon dioxide (CO2) and water. CYP 2E1 also converts ethanol into acetaldehyde (OShea, et al., 2010). Liver damage occurs in a few mutually related pathways: Acetaldehyde can form hybrid-adducts with reactive residues acting on proteins or small molecules, mediating lipid peroxidation and nucleic acid oxidation. (French, et al., 1984) During further metabolization of alcohol, Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) is reduced. This causes a shift in the NADH/NAD ratio. A higher NADH (reduced form of NAD) concentration increases the production of fatty acids, while lower concentrations of NAD result in decreased fatty acid oxidation. This altered ratio impair the metabolization of carbohydrates and lipids, resulting in the diversion from gluconeogenesis to ketogenesis and fatty acid synthesis. The liver cells compound the fatty acids to glycerol to form triglycerides. These accumulating triglycerides result in fatty liver. This leads to oxidative stress, which plays a pivotal role in ALD development. (French, et al., 1984) Furthermore, Acetaldehyde interacts through covalent binding with reactive residues of proteins found on the membranes of liver cells. This binding results in the formation of stable protein by-products which have been shown to be immunogenic. Tissue damage and ALD may be caused by this, because the neo-antigens may induce an immune reaction with anti-body production. CYP 2 E 1, when exposed to chronicle alcohol use generates free radicals through the oxidation of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) to NADP (OShea, et al., 2010). This exposure activates hepatic macrophages, also known as Kupffer cells, which leads to Tumor Necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is increased by the mitochondria, which in turn was induced by the TNF-alpha. This also promotes oxidative stress, which leads to hepatocytes necrosis and apoptosis. Many alcoholics have a condition of malnutrition. The deficiency in anti-oxidants, such as vitamin E, only worsens the necrosis and apoptosis. Free radicals initiate the oxidative degradation of lipids, which causes inflammation and liver tissue becomes scarred. Although the over consumption of alcohol is the primary cause of ADL, it is not always a pre-requirement for ALD development. It is important to understand the mechanisms of liver damage. When liver cells are exposed to alcohol, ATP synthesis is reduced and the activity of mitochondrial complexes is depressed. This causes energy metabolism of liver cells to be severely weaker and results in tissue damage. Metabolization of ethanol takes place in the centrilobular area of the liver lobule. Hypoxia alters energy metabolism, therefore centrilobular hypoxia can also be responsible for liver injury. The pathophysiology of alcoholic liver disease is very complex and further in depth investigation to understand the disease and how to treat it is being done. NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD) Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is an over arching term for a variety of conditions associated with fat depositions in liver cells. NAFLD ranges from Simple fatty liver to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), to fibrosis and cirrhosis. The first stage of NAFDL is simple fatty liver or steatosis. It is considered harmless and only consists of a fat build up in the liver. The second stage, Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is more serious, but not many individuals progress to this state from simple fatty liver. Two liver insults may lead to the development of NASH. With the first insult or hit, macro-vesicular steatosis (abnormal retention of lipids within a cell) occurs as a result of an excessive amount of triglycerides accumulating in the liver. The cause of triglyceride accumulation can result from excessive importation of free fatty acids from adipose tissue.*5 The accumulating lipids in the liver cells seem to be caused by insulin resistance. Insulin resistance leads to changes in the livers enzymatic pathways that control free fatty acid uptake, synthesis, degradation and the secretion of free fatty acids. A crucial paradox arises: the liver maintains its liver lipid metabolization, but carbohydrate metabolism is weakened or damaged. Hepatic steatosis caused by these factors can result into diminished hepatic free fatty acid oxidation, more hepatic lipogenesis or fewer lipids are secreted from the liver. Along with insulin resistance, obesity plays an important role in the development of NAFLD. These alterations make the liver sensitive for the second insult or hit, which is an inflammatory response and further liver damage (Carey, et al., 2013). Toxic inflammatory proteins are secreted by the cytokines in the liver.*6 Hepatocyte apoptosis, an organized form of cellular death, is a leading component of the second insult of NAFLD progression. Oxidative stress and resulting lipid peroxidation are involved in the progression of NAFLD to NASH. The term â€Å"oxidative stress† is frequently used to describe the imbalances in redox couples. *7 This metabolic reaction produce too much reactive free radicals called reactive oxygen species (ROS). This process usually occurs in the mitochondria. Lipid peroxidation can lead to changes in the cell membrane fluidity and these alterations cause tissue damage. Fibrosis is the third stage of NAFLD. NASH develops to form fibrosis if it is not treated. Fibrosis occurs where chronicle inflammation in the liver results in the formation of fibrous scar tissue around hepatic cells and blood vessels. The liver still functions normally, because there is still enough healthy tissue. The forth and most severe stage of NAFLD is cirrhosis. During this stage lots of scar tissue develops. This causes the liver to shrink and change morphologically. The damage caused by cirrhosis is permanent and cannot be saved or reversed. The progression of cirrhosis is slow, but it ultimately causes the liver to stop functioning.*8 Treatment and prevention Basic therapy: you have to work out a strategic plan of the intake of calories and adjustment of diet constitution. Medium aerobic exercise and the changing of some life styles and behaviour. Weight reduction: The most important fact of weigh reduction is not the amount of weight loss but how the weight is lost. Losing weight rapidly may increase portal inflammation and fibrosis. A relatively safe goal is to lose about 1.6kg per week. Liver transplantation: For some patients liver transplantation is recommended. Metabolic states should be examined before the transplantation. A BMI >40kg lm2 is a contrain dication (Zeng, et al., 2008) Abstinence: This is a very important therapeutic intervention for patients that have ALD. Abstinence helps to decrease portal pressure and lower progression to cirrhosis.

The Benefits to Society of Information Technology :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

The Benefits to Society of Information Technology Information technology has had a great influence in our lives. Innovations such as television, internet, radio, cellular phones, etc., have influenced the way we teach, the way we shop, the way we maintain ourselves informed, and also the way we view sports. One of the oldest advancements in IT would be television. Television has brought sports to a whole new level. It has allowed people to view events across the country, and also to view events throughout the world. It is a great tool that allows the public to know what is happening as it happens. Television allows some of the most respected events to be viewed live, from our homes. A great example of this is the Super Bowl. The Super Bowl is now a tradition of American lives, and although it has been for many years, the first Super Bowl game was not as viewed by the country as it is now. Most people did not show the game the importance that they do now. With the help of technology the game could be viewed by millions of spectators and that made a big difference. Producers and marketers have managed to make the most out of it, to the point where even people who do not care about the game or the sport would watch it just for the commercials. Companies will air their best commercials d uring this event due to the high ratings that this event has. Broadcasters are also able to improve the viewing experience of sports events by providing fans with game-specific content when they want it. Team facts and game statistics give fans a closer view of the game. This ends to be beneficial to both the fans and the marketers; â€Å"it allows the fan to get closer to the game and the marketer to get closer to the fan.† (Sportvision) Television gets fans involved in the action, and puts the marketers in the broadcast. Another great advancement of information technology would be the use of the Internet. It is a powerful tool that is widely used to get information throughout the world. The greatest advantage about it is that many people have access to the Internet and information can easily be obtained whenever they want. It is one the fastest way to get information about your favorite sport. Information such as schedules, locations, last-minute scores, biographies of the players, purchasing of sporting goods as well as tickets could be done from ones home with the help of the Internet.

Case Study Analysis: The Need for Time Management Essay

According to Karen M. Williams, the â€Å"poor management of time will prevent a business from reaching its full potential† (1994, p. 1). Carl Robin’s case study is the perfect example of why time management is a crucial skill in the business world. Carl has been a campus recruiter for ABC Inc. for six months and recently hired fifteen new trainees who will work under the Operations Supervisor Monica Carrolls. Carl’s primary objective is to hold a new hire orientation; unfortunately, he let several key issues fall through the cracks and now it seems as though the orientation will not happen. Time management is extremely important and should have been used when coordinating recruitment activities. There are many arguments that could be made in this case study such as Carl being too new to his job to be in charge of the recruiting process, or that there should be more people involved in the effort overall. In this analysis a discussion will be made on the causal ch ain of problems that occurred because of Carl’s poor choices and inability to use his time wisely. As a result of Carl procrastinating and not using time management effectively, a causal chain of trouble was created. In order to fix this chain of trouble Carl must employ time management. Carl Robins was not prepared for leading the recruitment process. According to the case study, Carl is in a panic because his June 15th orientation is ruined because none of the elements are in place. If he was prepared to lead the recruitment process then he would have known to employ good time management skills. A little less than three months should have been enough time to coordinate the orientation and ensuring that all other issues are taken care of before the June 15th orientation meeting. Carl needed to be on top of all the different pieces that are involved in the recruitment process. Since call had only been employed for a few months, Carl did not know how to use good time management skills. This is a common  occurrence when time management is not used properly (Williams, 1994). Since Carl was new to the company he did not know that time management skills are necessary to complete each task in time for the orientation. There were several tasks that needed to be completed by Carl before the orientation in order for it to be a success. For example, Carl needed to create a training schedule and organize the orientation. Organization of the orientation included scheduling the meeting and ensuring that no other events were taking place in the training room during that time. He also had to put together manuals and policy booklets for trainees, and coordinate their physicals and drug tests. Carl also needed to make sure all these tasks were completed by trainees. He then had to ensure that each trainee’s transcript and application was on file prior to the orientation. None of these tasks were complete as of two weeks before the orientation date. Since Carl could not complete the tasks as required, the orientation will not be successful. The case study indicates that Carl procrastinated. Procrastination led to Carl not completing the required tasks in time. Procrastination can be a serious problem in the workplace which results in the need for â€Å"fires† to constantly be put out (Estroff Marano, 2003). Procrastination leads to people waiting until the last minute to attempt tasks. In this case, Carl looked into the tasks that needed to be completed only a couple weeks before the due date. There are numerous reasons that people procrastinate according to Kantra (2010). Some of the most common reasons for procrastination include the desire to avoid discomfort, or the need for perfection causes people to avoid doing a task; for example a person may decide to put off a task because they feel they can’t give 100% to the task (2010). Some people also suffer from self-doubt that they won’t be able to complete the task at hand; and there are some people who are just plain lazy (2010). In Carl’s case it is difficult to say with certainty what caused him to procrastinate as much as he did. As a new employee of the company it is possible that Carl suffered from self-doubt since he has never handled a recruitment event on his own. Regardless of the reason, it is evident that the reason none of the orientation tasks were not completed was because Carl procrastinated. Carl did not utilize his time well because he didn’t use time management. Carl should have used time management skills to ensure that all the orientation tasks were completed. By implementing time management skills Carl would havebeen able to better utilize his time. For example, he could have created a chart of what tasks needed to be completed and by when. Instead of waiting until the end to determine that drug tests and physicals were not complete, Carl could have informed trainees immediately what they needed to do and made arrangements for them to go to the clinic by the end of April. Another time management skill that would have helped Carl utilize his time better would be to review the existing policy and manual booklets within the first month to decide what was missing and fix them. The Operations Supervisor informed Carl of the various tasks that were needed by June 15th. This gave Carl an entire month to complete the above mentioned tasks and he assured his supervisor that everything would be completed; unfortunately, Carl was wrong. Carl did not utilize his time well because he didn’t use time management. Scheduling conflicts were also a problem in this case study. When Carl checked on some of the tasks at the end of May (after Memorial Day), nothing was completed and the training room was booked .Carl had not checked with the training room schedule to determine whether it was free on June 15th. As a result, another employee was using it for the entire month for his training class. This is a huge problem that could have been avoided if Carl had been better prepared. Carl should have double checked everything prior to the orientation to ensure that no last minute details were overlooked. Scheduling is a part of time management. Carl had a list of tasks that he needed to complete such as booking the orientation room. The orientation room was not available because of scheduling conflicts. This case study demonstrates conflicts of schedule. Carl should come up with an alternative plan of action. Carl was faced with the decision of whether he should just admit he failed and face the conseq uences of his actions, or make an attempt at fixing this problem. Carl will likely have to admit to his supervisor that he made many mistakes in coordinating the orientation since the supervisor will likely question any changes to the schedule. However, he should not give up, but rather come up with an alternative. An alternative plan is needed, which should have been a part of his process to begin with it. There should always be a plan B. Alternative solutions to Carl’s immediate problem are a few though. If Carl is to forge ahead in hopes of actually holding the orientation then he needs to move fast. He has approximately two weeks from the point he discovers the problems to the date  of the orientation. If he moves efficiently and uses effective time management skills, he should still be able to hold the orientation. Carl must create an alternative plan of action in order for the orientation to be held on time. Now that Carl knows there are major problems he must sit down and creatively come up with a plan. First, he must contact trainees and have them report to the clinic within the next 48 hours. This of course, is not ideal and would put a lot of pressure on the trainees, but it must be done. If for some reas on some of the trainees cannot do it within the 48 hour time frame, an extension could be made, but it cannot extend longer than the end of the first week. This is because he will need to have time to collect results, and take appropriate actions based on those results, which will take a few days. He must also contact the Human Resources department and get copies of all fifteen applications and transcripts. If they do not have copies, then Carl must contact the trainees and have them deliver them to him no later than at the end of the first week. During that first week, Carl must also search for an alternative room for the orientation. It might be possible to hold the orientation in another room within the company. Perhaps there is an auditorium or meeting room that can be used. Carl must be creative in order to create a plan. Once the most time consuming tasks are complete, Carl must address the policy and manual handbooks. This can be done in the second week to allow for the more important issues to be handled during the first week. This can be a fairly easy task. Any policy or manual documentation that isn’t available should be available at the Human Resources department. Once he receives the documents, he can copy the pages and then put them together. This is the final task that needs to be completed and can be accomplished in just a day. There is also always the possibility of moving the date of the orientation to after June when the orientation room would be available. This would also give Carl enough time to coordinate the various tasks that need to be completed. The problems that occur with this approach are that it is unprofessional and will give the company a bad impression of Carl, especially since this is his first attempt at recruiting. Also, Carl’s original plan was to get the trainees working by July. To move the orientation date into July would go against his original plan. Therefore, moving the date of orientation is not an acceptable alternate solution. As previously mentioned Carl’s options are limited. The  fact that he is new at this particular position calls for a quick and effective solution to the problem. His supervisor will know that something went wrong when she sees that the orientation loca tion has been moved. It is for this reason that Carl’s best choice is to admit he made a mistake, but then demonstrate that he has remedied that mistake effectively. When he approaches the supervisor about the mistake, he should have proof in hand of the new plan and all the completed tasks. The blame should not be entirely placed on Carl seeing as he is a new hire in his position of recruiter. As a new hire, he should have had someone assisting him through the steps of coordinating a new trainee orientation. There is also no mention of an employee handbook, or similar that would have helped him through the process. Having a partner or superior, as well as a manual for directions, is common in the workplace which is why it is surprising that these were not present in the case study. Perhaps the organization itself is not well organized. A large project such as the one Carl was working on calls for collaboration. Collaboration in an organization is of critical importance. As mentioned above, it was surprising that Carl did not have a superior to walk him through his first recruitment event. This does not mean, however, that Carl couldn’t have approach a fellow employee for assistance. If Carl had reached out to fellow employees, perhaps the tasks would have been completed on time through collaborative efforts. Research has shown that collaboration creates a flexible and productive workplace (Beyerlein, et al., 2003). It is unknown whether ABC Inc. fosters a collaborative environment; however, reaching out to coworkers for assistance in not usually frowned upon by management in most companies. Carl should have sought to collaborate on the recruitment project. Effective time management would have helped Carl complete each task and to recognize certain problems, such as the unavailable training room, prior to the June 15th deadline. Carl had an opportunity to demonstrate his recruitment skills for the first time and two weeks prior to the project deadline was faced with the fact that he might fail. Unfortunately none of the tasks were completed and the room was unavailable to him. The only appropriate choice was to attempt to get all tasks completed within the two week span before the orientation date. This is unprofessional and will  highlight his mistakes to his supervisor; however, it is better to fix the mistakes and then admit them, rather than to admit to the mistakes and not fix them at all. Effective time management skills would have helped Carl to successfully fulfill his recruitment event tasks. References Beyerlein, M.M., Freedman, S., McGee, C., and Moran, L. (2003). The Ten Principles of Collaborative Organizations. Journal of Organizational Excellence. Retrieved March 29, 2012 from http://courses.washington.edu/nutrmgmt/564_ArticlesUsed_07/Beyerlein_Teams_03.pdf Estroff Marano, H. (2003). Procrastination: Ten Things to Know. Psychology Today. Retrieved on March 14, 2012 from http://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/200308/procrastination-ten-things-know Kantra, D.S. (2010). Just Do It! Why People Procrastinate. PsychDigest. Retrieved March 29 2012 from http://psychdigest.com/just-do-it-why-people-procrastinate/ Williams, K.M. (1994). Tips on Effective Time Management. Ohio State University. Retrieved on March 14, 2012 from http://ohioline.osu.edu/cd-fact/1006.html